Vol.4-Ch.1 "Trauma and Trauma Systems" Flashcards
(36 cards)
Trauma accounts for what % of EMS calls?
30%
Trauma is the _____ leading cause of death.
For what age range is it the number 1 cause of death, accounting for _____ % of deaths in that age group?
Trauma is the __3rd__ leading cause of death.
For ages 1-44 years old trauma is the number 1 cause of death, accounting for __47%__ % of deaths in that age group?
What are the two main categories of traumas?
Penetrating and Blunt (does the object enter the body or not)
What % of traumas are actually life threatening?
Of the ones that are life threatening, where is the trauma usually located? (2)
10%
Head or Torso
What is surveillance?
The process of collecting data in order to identify the existence, significance, and characteristics of disease.
What is Epidemiology?
The study of diseases based on surveillance
What is the Haddon Matrix and what does is compare and look at/for? (6)
It is a 3x3 chart used to identify risk factors for disease.
It looks at :
- Pre-event (factors/conditions existing pre-event)
- Event (factors that occur during event)
- Post-event (factors that occur after that make it worse)
and:
- Host (victim(s))
- Agent (kinetic force)
- Environment
What is risk analysis?
A process to examine a disease and determine the various factors that affect its development, course, and consequences.
Alcohol is related to what % of traffic fatalities?
50%
What is intervention development?
The development or modification of programs to reduce both the incident and the seriousness of trauma
What is implementation?
The act of placing and enforcing an intervention into practice
What is evaluation?
Repeating the surveillance phase after an intervention is implemented in order to assess its benefits and effectiveness
What is a teachable moment?
A moment in an EMS call where you can politely suggest that a certain lifestyle change may help prevent a repeat of the traumatic event. (like suggesting to not drink and drive)
What was the act made in 1990 that established guidelines, funding, and state level leadership and support for trauma systems?
Trauma Care Systems Planning and Development Act of 1990
A level 1 trauma center (AKA _____?) is?
AKA a REGIONAL trauma center, is totally dedicated to traumas and can do very specialized surgeries; it also delegates resources to lower level centers as needed
A level 2 trauma center (AKA _____?) is?
AKA an AREA trauma center, can do common surgeries (not specialized ones), and takes in most Pts who need surgery. They will also stabilize Pts who need to go to a level 1 center
A level 3 trauma center (AKA _____?) is?
AKA a COMMUNITY trauma center, has surgical capability but mostly has trained staff who can stabilize a PT for transport to a level 1 or 2 center
A level 4 trauma center (AKA _____?) is?
AKA a trauma facility or “critical access hospital”, is able to stabilize PTs for transport. Usually only option in rural areas
What are specialty centers?
Centers or facilities that have specialized capabilities that do not reflect their trauma care level, such as places that have neurocenters, burn centers, peds center, etc
For those Pts that meet trauma triage criteria, the appropriate facility is ______?
The nearest facility
What are the 4 steps to a trauma assessment?
- scene survey
- primary assessment
- secondary assessment (rapid or focused)
- periodic assessments
What is the index of suspicion?
A mental summation of suspected injuries based on your event analysis
Primary assessment of a trauma Pt includes? (4)
- initial impression
- determining C-spine
- ABCs
- determining Pt priority of care and transport
What factors determine if a C-spine is necessary? (4)
If your Pt has any of the following they need C-spine:
- Abnormal mental status
- Spinal point tenderness
- Neurological deficits
- No distracting injuries
