Volcab Ch 7

Question 1

Active Flexibility

Answer 1

The ability of agonists and synergists to move a limb through the full range of motion while their functional antagonist is being stretched.

Question 2

Active-Isolated Stretch

Answer 2

The process of using agonists and synergists to dynamically move the joint into a range of motion.

Question 3

Altered Reciprocal Inhibition

Answer 3

The concept of muscle inhibition, caused by a tight agonist, which inhibits its functional antagonist.

Question 4

Arthrokinetic Dysfunction

Answer 4

1. A biomechanical and neuromuscular dysfunction in which forces at the joint are altered, resulting in abnormal joint movement and proprioception. 2. Altered forces at the joint that result in abnormal muscular activity and impaired neuromuscular communication at the joint.

Question 5

Arthrokinetic Inhibition

Answer 5

The neuromuscular phenomenon that occurs when a joint dysfunction inhibits the muscles that surround the joint.

Question 6

Autogenic Inhibition

Answer 6

The process by which neural impulses that sense tension are greater than the impulses that cause muscles to contract, providing an inhibitory effect to the muscle spindles.

Question 7

Corrective Flexibility

Answer 7

Designed to improve muscle imbalances and altered arthrokinematics.

Question 8

Cumulative Injury Cycle

Answer 8

A cycle whereby an injury will induce inflammation, muscle spasm, adhesions, altered neuromuscular control, and muscle imbalances.

Question 9

Davis?s Law

Answer 9

States that soft tissue models along the line of stress.

Question 10

Dynamic Range of Motion

Answer 10

The combination of flexibility and the nervous system?s ability to control this range of motion efficiently.

Question 11

Dynamic Stretching

Answer 11

1. Uses the force production of a muscle and the body?s momentum to take a joint through the full available range of motion. 2. The active extension of a muscle, using force production and momentum, to move the joint through the full available range of motion.

Question 12

Extensibility

Answer 12

Capability to be elongated or stretched.

Question 13

Flexibility

Answer 13

The normal extensibility of all soft tissues that allows the full range of motion of a joint.

Question 14

Flexibility Training

Answer 14

Physical training of the body that integrates various stretches in all three planes of motion to produce the maximum extensibility of tissues.

Question 15

Functional Flexibility

Answer 15

Integrated, multiplanar, soft tissue extensibility with optimum neuromuscular control through the full range of motion.

Question 16

Pattern Overload

Answer 16

1. Repetitive physical activity that moves through the same patterns of motion, placing the same stresses on the body over time. 2. Consistently repeating the same pattern of motion, which may place abnormal stresses on the body.

Question 17

Posterior Pelvic Tilt

Answer 17

A movement in which the pelvis rotates backward.

Question 18

Postural Distortion Patterns

Answer 18

Predictable patterns of muscle imbalances.

Question 19

Range of Motion

Answer 19

Refers to the range that the body or bodily segments move during an exercise.

Question 20

Reciprocal Inhibition

Answer 20

The simultaneous relaxation of one muscle and the contraction of its antagonist to allow movement to take place.

Question 21

Relative Flexibility

Answer 21

The tendency of the body to seek the path of least resistance during functional movement patterns.

Question 22

Self-Myofascial Release

Answer 22

Another form of flexibility that focuses on the fascial system in the body.

Question 23

Static Stretching

Answer 23

The process of passively taking a muscle to the point of tension and holding the stretch for a minimum of 30 seconds.

Question 24

Synergistic Dominance

Answer 24

1. When synergists take over function for a weak or inhibited prime mover. 2. The neuromuscular phenomenon that occurs when inappropriate muscles take over the function of a weak or inhibited prime mover.

Question 25

Upper-Extremity Postural Distortion

Answer 25

An individual who exhibits a forward head, rounded shoulder posture.