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vulnerable populations Flashcards

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1
Q

vulnerability

A

susceptibility to actual/potential stressors that lead to adverse effect
phys, env, biopsychosocial (illness, genetic predisposition) resources and human capital

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2
Q

human capital

A

personal resources
strengths, knowledge, skills that enable one to live happy and productive life

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3
Q

resilience

A

factors that help to resist effects of vulnerability

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4
Q

vulnerability: cycle and additive

A

predisposing factors -> poor health, exacerbate predisposing factors
insight to possible interventions

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5
Q

marginalization

A

invisible to society, forgotten about when social planning
occurs when people/pop are relegated to position on periphery of society with diminished importance, influence, power
weak social power and connections
cause and outcome of vulnerability
increased likelihood of developing health problems and worse outcomes, increased exposure to R
not personal or moral failing, not intrinsic; result of extrinsic factors

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6
Q

vulnerable pops

A

pop grounds that are at greater R than others for poor health outcomes
based on combo and interaction of rf
individual v pop vulnerability -> recognize but dont stereotype

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7
Q

socioeconomic status

A

social standing or class, combo of edu, income, occupation
differ in access to resources, privilege, power, control

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8
Q

poverty

A

primary driver of vulnerability
determined by household income, # of people in house, cost of living
different types - depend on level of deprivation present

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9
Q

crisis poverty

A

situational, short term

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10
Q

persistent poverty

A

chronic, long term, generational

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11
Q

neighborhood poverty

A

lack of businesses/revenue, most people in community are at poverty level

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12
Q

groups at increased risk for poverty

A

low education
low earnings
single mom
F
elderly
inadequate programs for education, job skills, functioning with disabilities

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13
Q

poverty: impact on health

A

nutrition, higher rates of chronic illness, more comp, higher mortality

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14
Q

poverty: stigma

A

leads to poor health outcomes
blamess deserve assistance: widowed women, children, injured laborers, elderly
not blameless = illicit drug users, addiction, homeless, young adults, lazy

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15
Q

homeless

A

lacks fixed, reg, adequate nighttime residence

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16
Q

episodic homelessness

A

hardship and struggle, chronic unemployment, young, mental health abuse, substance

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17
Q

transitional homelessness

A

catastrophic event, short shelter stay -> perm housing

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18
Q

chronic homelessness

A

older, chronically unemployed, disability, substance abuse issue, emergency shelter becomes long term, smallest %

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19
Q

homelessness: factors

A

poverty: lack of affordable housing, insuff assistance, high unemployment, economy
shortage of substance use treatment facilities
domestic/interpersonal violence

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20
Q

homelessness: vulnerable

A

unemployed, migrant workers, MI or SUD, no safety net (liquid asset poor), vets, victims of violence, LGBTQ+

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21
Q

homelessness: impacts of health

A

cause and outcome of homelessness
adequate rest, nutrition, exercise, stress, exposure, infectious disease, acute and chronic illness, infestations, mental health

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22
Q

homelessness: preventative services

Study These Flashcards
A

nursing intervention
crisis/emergency shelter, federal assistance
housing first solutions: housing to long term homeless -> mental health and SUD tm
permanent supportive housing: long term housing with supportive services for those with long hx of homelessness and persistent obstacles

23
Q

homelessness: preventative services - primary

Study These Flashcards
A

decrease poverty, early childhood support, affordable housing, old age pensions

24
Q

homelessness: preventative services - secondary

Study These Flashcards
A

rapid rehousing, case management, shelter services

25
homelessness: preventative services - tertiary
minimize impact of homelessness, never experience another episode
26
lesbian
a woman who is emotionally, romantically or sexually attracted to other women
27
gay
a person who is emotionally, romantically or sexually attracted to members of the same gender
28
bisexual
a person emotionally, romantically or sexually attracted to more than one sex, gender, or gender identity though not necessarily simultaneously, in the same way or to the same degree
29
transgender
an umbrella term for people whose gender identity and/or expression is different from cultural expectations based on the sex they were assigned at birth
30
queer
a term people often use to express fluid identities and orientations
31
cisgender
a term used to describe a person whose gender identity aligns with those typically associated with the sex assigned to them at birth
32
non binary
gender identity is not exclusively male or female persons who identify outside the male-female sex binary
33
intersex
a combination of chromosomes, gonads, hormones, internal sex organs, and genitals that differs from the two expected patterns of male and female
34
sex
biological status male, female, intersex indicators: sex chromosomes, gonads, reproductive organs, external genitalia
35
sexual orientation
inherent or immutable enduring emotional romantic or sexual attraction to other people
36
gender identity
innermost concept of self as male, female, blend, neither how individuals perceive themselves and what they call themselves
37
sex v gender v sexual orientations
sexual orientation does not = gender identity
38
LGBTQ+: impact on health
heterosexual hc workers implicitly favor heterosexual pts internalized homophobia: members of comm also favor straight people fight by educating and gathering more data
39
LGBTQ+: health disparities
decreased knowledge, culturally humble, legal discrimination, youth -> increased r/o suicide, victimization, bullying, homeless disparities due to decreased understanding -> in and out of community elderly = isolation, decreased social services higher rates of tobacco, OH, substance abuse
40
LGBTQ+: reality in healthcare setting
traditionally segregated spaces, anx of coming out (isolate, mistrust), less respectful and safe restrooms and hospital assignments, staff dont recognize/respect identities, insuff records pronouns: ask, can change with or without change to appearance, mess up? - correct, brief apology
41
LGBTQ+: body part terminology
life may differ from exam room, pt pref may differ ask, offer explantation if other terms needed, use gender and sex affirming lang, be aware of using slang terms
42
LGBTQ+: interventions
focus on pt experience, ask all pts (dont assume), be sensitive and aware, inclusive lang always evolve
43
race, ethnicity, culture
social constructs, not biological race: black or african american, american indian or alaska native, asian, native hawaiian or other pacific islander, white ethnicity: hispanic, latinx cultural characteristics: personal space, time, comm, beliefs about aging, death, dying extrinsic: system have created these disparities
44
race, ethnicity, culture: health disparities
higher sx mortality among marginalized groups decreased likelihood of receiving implicit bias favoring white patients and an unconscious perception of black patients being less cooperative with medical procedures black patients less likely than white patients to: receive kidney transplants, be given appropriate cardiac care, receive state-appropriate care or guidelines concordant cancer care biased tech and algorithms create care differences -> pulse ox
45
race, ethnicity, culture: addressing disparities
interventions need to address social determinants of health policies and systems bias in hcp, culturally tailored health promo acknowledge historic untrustworthy, result in hesitancy from affected pops advocate for pts
46
rurality
subjective, defined by geographic location, pop density, distance/time to commute unique features
47
rurality: impact on health
poor perception of overall health in functional status, less likely to engage in health behaviors seek care less frequently higher rates of chronic illness less providers
48
disabilities
most people experience at some point largest minority group umbrella term -> impairments, activity limit, participation restriction
49
impairment
problem in body function/structure
50
handicap
disadvantage from impairment or disability that prevents fulfillment of expected role
51
disabilities: models
medical: defect, need intervention rehab: defect treated with rehab moral: sin and shame disability: social construct, whether or not inability to perform a function is seen as disability depends on socioenv barriers
52
disabilities: experience
largest minority group in US differ depending on: temp, perm, progressive impact on health: access, biases, comm, health lit, cause disparities more chronic illness and secondary issues
53
disabilities: victimization
more likely, kids abused, sexual assault, usually know the perp

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