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HEMATOLOGY PPT (3rd year) > W4 > Flashcards

W4 Flashcards

(102 cards)

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1
Q

ERYTHROPOIESIS

The developmental pathway consists of three phases

Ribosome synthesis in early erythroblasts

A

1st

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2
Q

ERYTHROPOIESIS

The developmental pathway consists of three phases

Hemoglobin accumulation in late erythroblasts and normoblasts

A

2nd

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3
Q

ERYTHROPOIESIS

The developmental pathway consists of three phases

Ejection of the nucleus from normoblasts and formation of
reticulocytes

A

3rd

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4
Q

ERYTHROCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES

Size: 12-25 um in diameter

Cytoplasm:
Deeply basophilic
Perinuclear halo

Nucleus: 1-3 nucleoli

A

Pronormoblast /(Rubriblast)/ (Proerythroblast)

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5
Q

ERYTHROCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES

N/C ratio: 8:1

1% of nucleated cells in bone marrow

A

Pronormoblast /(Rubriblast)/ (Proerythroblast)

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6
Q

ERYTHROCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES

Size: 12-17 um in diameter

Cytoplasm: intensely basophilic

Nucleus: 75% of the cell

A

Basophilic Normoblast/(Prorubricyte)/ (Basophilic Erythroblast)

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7
Q

ERYTHROCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES

N/C ratio:

1-3% of nucleated cells of bone marrow

A

Basophilic Normoblast/(Prorubricyte)/ (Basophilic Erythroblast)

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8
Q

ERYTHROCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES

Size: 12-15 um in diameter

Cytoplasm: blue-gray to pink gray (production of hemoglobin)

Nucleus: Smaller

A

Polychromatophilic Normoblast/ (Rubricyte)/ (Polychromatophilic Erythroblast)

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9
Q

ERYTHROCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES

N/C ratio:

13-30% of nucleated cells in bone marrow

A

Polychromatophilic Normoblast/ (Rubricyte)/ (Polychromatophilic Erythroblast)

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10
Q

ERYTHROCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES

This is the last cell division during maturation

A

Polychromatophilic Normoblast/ (Rubricyte)/ (Polychromatophilic Erythroblast)

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11
Q

ERYTHROCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES

Size: 8-12 um in diameter

Cytoplasm: pinker, increased amount of Hb

Nucleus:
− Pyknotic
− Eccentric

A

Orthochromic Normoblast/ (Metarubricyte)/ (Orthochromic Erythroblast)

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12
Q

ERYTHROCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES

1-4% of nucleated cell in bone marrow

A

Orthochromic Normoblast/ (Metarubricyte)/ (Orthochromic Erythroblast)

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13
Q

ERYTHROCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES

Nucleus is extruded at this stage

A

Orthochromic Normoblast/ (Metarubricyte)/ (Orthochromic Erythroblast)

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14
Q

ERYTHROCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES

Size: 7-10 mm in diameter

Cytoplasm:
− Pink to pinkish gray
− Still contains small amounts of RNA (polychromasia)

Nucleus: none

A

Reticulocyte
Diffusely Basophilic Erythrocyte
Polychromatophilic Erythrocyte

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15
Q

ERYTHROCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES

Within 24-48 hrs, the cell loses the organelles &
assumes a biconcave shape

A

Reticulocyte
Diffusely Basophilic Erythrocyte
Polychromatophilic Erythrocyte

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16
Q

ERYTHROCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES

Size: approximately 7.2 um in
diameter

Cytoplasm: Pink

Nucleus: none

A

Erythrocyte

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17
Q

ERYTHROCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES

RUBRI

A

Rubriblast
Prorubricyte
Rubricyte
Metarubricyte
Reticulocyte
Mature Eryhtrocyte

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18
Q

ERYTHROCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES

NORMOBLAST

A

Pronormoblast
Basophilic normoblast Polychromatophilic normoblast
Orthochromic normoblast Reticulocyte
Mature erythrocyte

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19
Q

ERYTHROCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES

ERYTHROBLAST

A

Proerythroblast
Basophilic erythroblast
Polychromatophilic erythroblast
Ortochromic erythroblast
Reticulocyte
Mature erythrocyte

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20
Q

is stimulated by interleukins and colony-
stimulating factors (CSFs)

A

Leukopoiesis

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21
Q

are the most important sources
of cytokines

A
  1. MACROPHAGE
  2. T CELLS
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22
Q

Hemocytoblasts differentiate into myeloid stem cells and
lymphoid stem cells

  • stem cells become eosinophilic, basophilic and
    neutrophilic myeloblasts or monoblasts
A

MYELOID

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23
Q

Hemocytoblasts differentiate into myeloid stem cells and
lymphoid stem cells

  • stem cells become lymphoblasts
A

LYMPHOID

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24
Q
  • lineage gives rise to granulocytes, and monocytes (and
    macrophages), which are not granulocytes.
A

MYELOID

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25
Not seen in Eosinophil or Basophil lineage, also called stab form, horse-shoe shape nucleus, up to 3% in peripheral blood
BAND NEUTROPHIL
26
LEUKOCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES SIZE: 15-20UM IN DIAMETER N/C RATIO: 4:1 NUCLEOLI: 2-5
MYELOBLAST
27
LEUKOCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES FIRST RECOGNIZABLE STAGE IN BONE MARROW
MYELOBLAST
28
CANNOT BE DISTINGUISHED FROM MONOBLAST IN LIGHT MICROSCOPY
MYELOBLAST
29
HSCs, CMPs, and GMPs are not distinguishable with the light microscope and - staining and may resemble type 1 myeloblast and lymphoblast
ROMANOWSKY
30
TYPE OF MYELOBLAST N/C RATIO: 8:1-4:1 NO VISIBLE GRANULES
TYPE 1 MYELOBLAST
31
TYPE OF MYELOBLAST DISPERSED AZUROPHILIC GRANULES
TYPE 2 MYELOBLAST
32
TYPE OF MYELOBLAST RARE IN BM SEEN IN AML
TYPE 3 MYELOBLAST
33
LEUKOCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES N:C ratio of 3:1 to 2:1 NUCLEOLI: 2-3
PROMYELOCYTE
34
LEUKOCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES HAS A PARANUCLEAR HALO OR HOF
PROMYELOCYTE
35
CRYSTAL PROTEIN THAT IS SEEN ON EOSINOPHIL
CHARCOT LEYDEN
36
LEUKOCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES SIZE:12-18 UM IN DIAMETER NC RATIO: 1:1
MYELOCYTE
37
LEUKOCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES LAST STAGE CAPABLE OF MITOSIS
MYELOCYTE
38
LEUKOCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES SIZE: 10-15UM IN DIAMETER NC RATIO: DECREASED CHROMATIN IS COARSE AND CLUMPED
METAMYELOCYTE/JUVENILE CELLS
39
LEUKOCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES INDENTED/KIDNEY/PEANUT SHAPED NUCLEUS PREDOMINANT CELL IN BM
METAMYELOCYTE/ JUVENILE CELLS
40
LEUKOCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES FIRST STAGE FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF TERTIARY/ GELATINASE GRANULES
METAMYELOCYTE/ JUVENILE CELLS
41
LEUKOCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES ELONGATED OR BAND SHAPED NUCLEUS (C/S SHAPED) CURVED SAUSAGE SHAPE
BAND CELLS/STAB CELLS
42
LEUKOCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES Youngest cell in the series that is normally present in the Peripheral blood
BAND CELLS/STAB CELLS
43
LEUKOCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES Secretory granules/ secretory vesicles may begin to be formed during this phase
BAND CELLS/STAB CELLS
44
LEUKOCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES GRANULES: PINK TO ROSE LOBES: 2-5
NEUTROPHIL
45
LEUKOCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES GRANULES: REDDISH ORANGE LOBES: 2
EOSINOPHILS
46
LEUKOCYTE NORMAL MATURATION SERIES GRANULES: DARK PURPLE TO BLUE LOBES: 3-4
BASOPHIL
47
NEUTROPHIL STAGE CONTAINS AUER RODS
MYELOBLAST
48
NEUTROPHIL STAGE GRANULES: NONE
MYELOBLAST
49
NEUTROPHIL STAGE GRANULES: HEAVY
PROMYELOCYTE
50
LYMPHOID LINEAGE non-phagocytic are either “helper” or “cytotoxic”
T CELLS
51
LYMPHOID LINEAGE non-phagocytic - cells are derived from T-cells and attack tumor cells.
NATURAL KILLER
52
LYMPHOPOIESIS PRIMARY LYMPHOID ORGANS
1. THYMUS 2. BONE MARROW
53
LYMPHOPOIESIS SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANS
1. LYMPH NODES 2. LYMPHOID TISSUES 3. SPLEEN
54
LYMPHOCYTES
1. B CELLS 2. T CELLS 3. NK CELLS
55
PLASMA CELL MATURATION 18-25 ABUNDANT BASOPHILIC CYTOPLASM PERINUCLEAR HALO
PLASMABLAST
56
PLASMA CELL MATURATION 15-25 INTENSELY BASOPHILIC CYTOPLASM
PROPLASMACYTE
57
PLASMA CELL MATURATION 8-20UM DEEPLY BASOPHILIC
PLASMACYTE/ PLASMA CELL
58
PLASMA CELL MATURATION WITH LARGE WELL DEFINED HOF (NUCLEAR HALO) NEXT TO NUCLEUS
PLASMACYTE/ PLASMA CELL
59
PLASMA CELL MATURATION NUCLEUS EXHIBIT CART WHEEL LIKE PATTERN
PLASMACYTE/ PLASMA CELL
60
Monocytes remain in the circulation approximately - DAYS before migrating to tissues
3 DAYS
61
are the precursor of the macrophages
monocytes
62
ARE CONSIDERED THE TISSUE MONOCYTES
MACROPHAGES
63
RATIO OF MARGINAL POOL TO CIRCULATING POOL OF MONOCYTES
3.5:1
64
CANNOT BE DISTINGUISHED o FROM MYELOBLAST IN LIGHT MICROSCOPY
MONOBLAST
65
MONOCYTIC MATURATION SEQUENCE 12-20 um diameter N:C ratio of 4:1 or 3:1
MONOBLAST
66
MONOCYTIC MATURATION SEQUENCE 14-18 um diameter N:C ratio of 3:1 to 2:1
PROMONOCYTE
67
MONOCYTIC MATURATION SEQUENCE FIRST RECOGNIZABLE CELL IN THE MARROW
PROMONOCYTE
68
MONOCYTIC MATURATION SEQUENCE 14-20UM GROUND GLASS CYTOPLASM
MONOCYTE
69
MONOCYTIC MATURATION SEQUENCE HORSE SHOE SHAPED NUCLEUS BRAINLIKE CONVULTIONS
MONOCYTE
70
MONOCYTIC MATURATION SEQUENCE LARGEST CELL IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD
MONOCYTE
71
NEUTROPHIL LIFE:
10 HOURS
72
NOMENCLATURE OF DIFFERENT MACROPHAGES ON ITS SPECIFIED TISSUE LOCATION KUPPFER CELLS
LIVER
73
NOMENCLATURE OF DIFFERENT MACROPHAGES ON ITS SPECIFIED TISSUE LOCATION MESANGLIAL CELLS
KIDNEY
74
NOMENCLATURE OF DIFFERENT MACROPHAGES ON ITS SPECIFIED TISSUE LOCATION MICROGLIAL CELLS
BRAIN
75
NOMENCLATURE OF DIFFERENT MACROPHAGES ON ITS SPECIFIED TISSUE LOCATION OSTEOCLAST
BONE
76
NOMENCLATURE OF DIFFERENT MACROPHAGES ON ITS SPECIFIED TISSUE LOCATION DUST CELLS
LUNGS
77
NOMENCLATURE OF DIFFERENT MACROPHAGES ON ITS SPECIFIED TISSUE LOCATION HISTIOCYTES
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
78
NOMENCLATURE OF DIFFERENT MACROPHAGES ON ITS SPECIFIED TISSUE LOCATION LANGERHAN CELLS
SKIN
79
NOMENCLATURE OF DIFFERENT MACROPHAGES ON ITS SPECIFIED TISSUE LOCATION LITTORAL CELLS
SPLEEN
80
NOMENCLATURE OF DIFFERENT MACROPHAGES ON ITS SPECIFIED TISSUE LOCATION HOFFBAUER CELLS
PLACENTA
81
WHITE BLOOD CELL Special role in allergy, inflammation & parasite infection
EOSINOPHIL
82
WHITE BLOOD CELL GIVE RISE TO MAST CELLS ROLE IN HYPERSENSITIVITY
BASOPHIL
83
WHITE BLOOD CELL - LYMPHOCYTE HUMORAL IMMUNITY 20-30%
B LYMPHOCYTE
84
WHITE BLOOD CELL - LYMPHOCYTE FOR CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY (60-80%)
T LYMPHOCYTE
85
WHITE BLOOD CELL - LYMPHOCYTE FOR CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY (5-10%)
NK CELLS
86
WHITE BLOOD CELL LYSOSOMAL ACID HYDROLASES
AGRANULOCYTE
87
movement out of blood into connective tissue
DIAPEDESIS
88
movement directed by homing molecules
CHEMOTAXIS
89
Integrins and selectins are of significant importance in allowing neutrophils to marginate as well as exit the blood and enter the tissues
DIAPEDESIS
90
Those neutrophils that do not migrate into the tissues eventually undergo programmed cell death or apoptosis and are removed by macrophages in the spleen, bone marrow, and liver.
DIAPEDESIS
91
Cellular movement toward or away from a chemical stimulus. Characteristic of neutrophils and monocytes, whose phagocytic activity is influenced by chemical factors released by invading microorganisms, damaged cells, or other white blood cells.
CHEMOTAXIS
92
Outward passage of white blood cells through intact vessel walls
DIAPEDESIS
93
MEGAKARYOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION STAGES NUCLEUS: ROUND CHROMATIN: HOMOGENOUS
MK-1
94
MEGAKARYOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION STAGES NUCLEUS:INDENTED CHROMATIN: MODERATELY CONDENSED
MK-2
95
MEGAKARYOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION STAGES NUCLEUS:MULTILOBED CHROMATIN:DEEPLY CONDENSED
MK-3
96
MEGAKARYOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION STAGES ENDOMITOSIS: PRESENT DEMARCATION SYSTEM: PRESENT
MK-1
97
MEGAKARYOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION STAGES ENDOMITOSIS: ENDS DEMARCATION SYSTEM: PRESENT
MK-2
98
MEGAKARYOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION STAGES ENDOMITOSIS: ABSENT DEMARCATION SYSTEM: PRESENT
MK-3
99
THREE STAGES OF MATURATION OF MEGAKARYOCYTES Small fragments of megakaryocytes
PLATELETS/THROMBOCYTES
100
NORMAL CELLLULAR MATURATION IMMATURE CELL: INTENSELY BASOPHILIC (BLUE)
CYTOPLASMIC MATURATION
101
PLATELETS/THROMBOCYTES AS CELL MATURE, -DECREASES IN SIZE
NUCLEAR MATURATION
102
PLATELETS/THROMBOCYTES AS CELL MATURES, - BECOMES SMALLER IN SIZE
CELL SIZE

HEMATOLOGY PPT (3rd year) (5 decks)

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