W5 Nervous System ANS + Somatic

Question 1

what nervous system is the ANS a part of

Answer 1

PNS

Question 2

what is the role of the ANS

Answer 2

regulates activity of internal organs

Question 3

what does ANS stand for

Answer 3

autonomous nervous system

Question 4

what is ANS divided into

Answer 4

sympathetic +parasympathetic

Question 5

what is the sympathetic system controlling

Answer 5

fight or flight

Question 6

what is the parasympathetic system controlling

Answer 6

rest and digest

Question 7

In the ANS what does the CNS connect to other neurones with

Answer 7

autonomic ganglia

Question 8

what are the neurones from the CNS to ganglia described as

Answer 8

preganglionic

Question 9

which ganglionic fibres are myelinated

Answer 9

preganglionic

Question 10

which ganglia are located close to CNS

Answer 10

sympathetic ganglia

Question 11

which ganglia are located closer to target organ

Answer 11

parasympathetic ganglia

Question 12

which preganglionic axon innervates more cell bodies

Answer 12

sympathetic ganglia

Question 13

what are paravertebral ganglia

Answer 13

sympatethic ganglia on each side of spinal cord

Question 14

which neurotransmitter does preganglionic neurones use

Answer 14

acetylcholine

Question 15

which neurotransmitter does postganglionic neurones use

Answer 15

norepinephrine for sympa
Ach for parasympa

Question 16

what are nicotinic receptors

Answer 16

where Ach binds to allow ions in

Question 17

what are muscarnic ACh receptors

Answer 17

where Ach binds to release G coupled proteins

Question 18

what are adrenoreceptors

Answer 18

where norepinephrine/epinephrine binds to release G coupled proteins

Question 19

which neruones control muscles

Answer 19

upper motor neurons (UMNs)

Question 20

how are cholinergic receptors described as

Answer 20

somatic and ANS

Question 21

what other muscles can the ANS influence

Answer 21

skeletal

Question 22

what are the steps of the somatic reflex arc

Answer 22

• Sensor/receptor
• Afferent pathway -> to spinal cord/brainstem
• Anintegrating centre, the grey matter of the spinal cord or brainstem synapse
• Efferent pathway -> to the muscles
• Effectormuscle gives response

Question 23

for involuntary movement what is between the synapes

Answer 23

afferent and efferent neruones

Question 24

for negative-feedback reflex arc how is the interneurone controlled

Answer 24

inhibitory to target muscles

Question 25

what are the 2 types of proprioceptors

Answer 25

muscle spindle golgi tendon organ

Question 26

what are muscle spindles

Answer 26

have separate motoneurons which control muscle during contraction

Question 27

what is a waste from muscles spindles

Answer 27

sensory neurones still fire action potentials in relaxed state

Question 28

where are the sensory dendrites of afferent nerve of the Golgi tendon organ found

Answer 28

with collagen fibrils

Question 29

when is the golgi tendon organ afferent nerve activated

Answer 29

when collagen fibrils are pulled tight

Question 30

what connection does the golgi tendon organ have

Answer 30

disynaptic connection to its own motor

Question 31

which cholinergic receptors detects for smooth muscle

Answer 31

muscarinic receptors

Question 32

what muscles use cholinergic receptors

Answer 32

smooth muscle cardiac muscle

Question 33

what receptors detects α1, α2, β1, β2

Answer 33

adrenergic receptors

Question 34

what are the 2 types of cholinergic receptors

Answer 34

nicotinic muscarinic

Question 35

which cholinergic receptors detects for cardiac muscle

Answer 35

muscarinic receptors

Question 36

where do decisions start in the brain

Answer 36

motor cortex and brainstem centers

Question 37

which neurons control muscles

Answer 37

upper motor neurons

Question 38

whats the 2nd messenger pathways of nicotinic receptors

Answer 38

ion influx

Question 39

whats the 2nd messenger pathways of muscarinic receptors

Answer 39

g protein coupling

Question 40

which receptor recieve Ach binding

Answer 40

cholinergic receptors (nicotinic)

Question 41

what controls voluntary movement

Answer 41

Somatic

Question 42

which nervous system controls involuntary movement

Answer 42

autonomic nervous system

Question 43

which nervous system controls voluntary movement

Answer 43

somatic nervous system

Question 44

which nervous system does motor control use

Answer 44

CNS and PNS

Question 45

what neuron is part of negative feedback reflex arc

Answer 45

interneuron for inhibitory reasons

Question 46

what is the somatic reflex arc known as

Answer 46

patellar reflex

Question 47

what are proprioceptors

Answer 47

sensory neurons which provide info for muscles

Question 48

what are the 2 proprioceptors

Answer 48

muscle spindle golgi tendon organs

Question 49

which type of neuron sends signals to muscle spindles

Answer 49

sensory

Question 50

whats the use of golgi tendon organs

Answer 50

protection from excessive tension