W8 reproductive systems

Question 1

what are the 2 main function of reproduction

Answer 1

production of gametes
fertilisation of offspring

Question 2

What are the 2 types of reproductive hormones

Answer 2

steroid hormones
LH and FSH hormones

Question 3

what is steroidogenesis for

Answer 3

converting cholesterol to steroid hormones

Question 4

what is gonadal sex determined by

Answer 4

the SRY gene

Question 5

what are the reproductive action of testosterone

Answer 5

growth and maturing of genitalia
spermatogenesis

Question 6

how are the effects of testosterone mediated

Answer 6

via androgen receptors

Question 7

what is testosterone converted to in target cells

Answer 7

estradiol

Question 8

what is estradiol and progesterone job in females

Answer 8

menstrual cycle
growth of reproduction tract
oogenesis

Question 9

whats the non-reproductive actions of progesterone in females

Answer 9

adipogenesis
bone mineral desnity

Question 10

when does FSH and LH peak

Answer 10

ovulation

Question 11

what hormone is high at luteal phase

Answer 11

progesterone

Question 12

when does estradiol begin increasing

Answer 12

follicular phase

Question 13

which cells produce testerone in testes

Answer 13

interstitial cells

Question 14

what happens during the first trimester

Answer 14

placenta secretes hCG which activates LH

Question 15

which receptors stimulate progesterone and estradiol secretion

Answer 15

chorionic gonadotropin receptor

Question 16

what happens during the 2nd and 3rd trimester

Answer 16

secretion of progesterone and estradiol

Question 17

what is estriol produced from

Answer 17

fetal adrenal androgen substate

Question 18

when does oxytocin levels increase

Answer 18

after 8 months of pregnancy

Question 19

where is oxytocin produced and released from

Answer 19

hypothalamus produced
pituitary gland released

Question 20

whats the role of oxytocin

Answer 20

allows for muscle contraction of the uterus
contraction of myoepithial cells to release milk

Question 21

whats the secondary effect of oxytocin

Answer 21

depression
recognition
trust

Question 22

whats the fergusson reflex

Answer 22

positive feedback loop

Question 23

what is the positive feedback loop of uterine contraction

Answer 23

pushes fetus againsg cervix
then increases oxytocin levels
for more prostaglandin production
for continuous uterine contractions

Question 24

what are steroid hormones in reproduction

Answer 24

testosterone
progesterone
estrogen

Question 25

what are steroid hormones produced from

Answer 25

cholestrerol

Question 26

what is folliculogenesis

Answer 26

production of follicle

Question 27

what does oogenesis do

Answer 27

produce oocyte

Question 28

what does oestrogen do

Answer 28

ovulation transport of sperm

Question 29

what does progesterone do

Answer 29

embryo nutrition

Question 30

which day is ovulation

Answer 30

day 14

Question 31

what is the follicular phase and the days

Answer 31

day 1-13 and is for maturing follicles

Question 32

what is the luteal phase

Answer 32

presence of CL

Question 33

what do Sertoli cells do in testes

Answer 33

support spermatogenesis secrete inhibin -> inhibit FSH

Question 34

what do Leydig cells do

Answer 34

secrete testosterone

Question 35

what is testosterone stimulated by

Answer 35

LH hormone

Question 36

where are Leydig cells found

Answer 36

inbetween seminiferous tubules

Question 37

which hormone stimulates spermatogenesis

Answer 37

FSH

Question 38

what does testosterone do

Answer 38

stimulate mitosis of spermatogonia

Question 39

where does sperm complete spermiogenesis

Answer 39

in epididymis

Question 40

where is spermatozoa stored

Answer 40

cauda epididymis

Question 41

what does the prostate galnd do

Answer 41

chelates Ca2+

Question 42

what is the physiology changes in female pregnancy

Answer 42

increased blood flow increased respiration

Question 43

when does the placenta develop

Answer 43

after embryo implant

Question 44

whats the 2 functions of the placenta

Answer 44

secretes hormones exchange maternal and foetal blood

Question 45

what does hCG do

Answer 45

maintans CL of pregnancy stimulates testosterone synthesis for XY

Question 46

what does placental estrogens do

Answer 46

stimulates endometrial growth

Question 47

what does Progesterone do

Answer 47

suppresses uterine contractions

Question 48

what does Human chorionic somatomammotropin do

Answer 48

increase glucose for foetus soften cervix more maternal calcium

Question 49

what happens during the first trimester

Answer 49

secretes hCG to activate LH receptors in CL stimulate progesterone and estradiol

Question 50

what happens during the 2nd/3rd trimester

Answer 50

secretes progesterone and estradiol produce estriol

Question 51

which hormones stimulate lactation

Answer 51

PRL and OT

Question 52

what is parturition

Answer 52

bringing forward of a baby from uterus

Question 53

what are the 4 reasons for parturition

Answer 53

high levels of estrogen oxytocin inflammation CRH