Water contamination and Purification

Question 1

what is the standard water purification process

Answer 1

buble air, add alluminum/iron salts, add phosphate, add chlorine.

Question 2

Purpose of bubbling air

Answer 2

oxidizies contaminants, making them insoluble.

Question 3

purpose of adding alluminum/iron salts

Answer 3

react with and remove colloids

Question 4

react with and remove colloids

Answer 4

purpose of adding alluminum/iron salts

Question 5

oxidizies contaminants, making them insoluble.

Answer 5

Purpose of bubbling air

Question 6

why we add phosphate to water

Answer 6

reacts with calcium, ends up lowing water hardness

Question 7

reacts with calcium, ends up lowing water hardness

Answer 7

why we add phosphate to water

Question 8

purpose of chlorination

Answer 8

to kill bacteria

Question 9

activated carbon

Answer 9

a special kind of charcoal, filled with holes that trap collids and organic chemicals, can be cleaned off by heating it.

Question 9

a special kind of charcoal, filled with holes that trap collids and organic chemicals, can be cleaned off by heating it.

Answer 9

activated carbon

Question 10

sand filtration

Answer 10

passing water over sand, the simplest form of filtration, only removes large stuff

Question 11

passing water over sand, the simplest form of filtration, only removes large stuff

Answer 11

sand filtration

Question 12

Ultrafiltration

Answer 12

Uses filters small enough to remove viruses

Question 13

Uses filters small enough to remove viruses

Answer 13

Ultrafiltration

Question 14

Nanofiltration

Answer 14

uses filters so mall it removes metals such as calcium and magnesium

Question 15

uses filters so mall it removes metals such as calcium and magnesium

Answer 15

Nanofiltration

Question 16

reverse osmosis

Answer 16

reversing osmosis (Which normaly goes towards particles) by pressurizing the water, creating lots of extremely pure water, and a small amount of realy thickly contaminated water, expensive, but effective

Question 17

Ozone dissenfection

Answer 17

ozone, made on site, is bubbled through the water, killing bacteria quickly

Question 18

ozone, made on site, is bubbled through the water, killing bacteria quickly

Answer 18

Ozone dissenfection

Question 19

disssadvantages of ozone dissenfection

Answer 19

may produce toxic brominated compounds, doesn’t prevent new bacteria from growind

Question 20

may produce toxic brominated compounds, doesn’t prevent new bacteria from growind

Answer 20

disssadvantages of ozone dissenfection

Question 21

UV dissenfection

Answer 21

bombarding water with high energy rays to kill backeria

Question 22

bombarding water with high energy rays to kill backeria

Answer 22

UV dissenfection

Question 23

UV dissenfection dissadvantages

Answer 23

only dissinfects at the location, requires lots of energy, or time, depending on the version

Question 24

only dissinfects at the location, requires lots of energy, or time, depending on the version

Answer 24

UV dissenfection dissadvantages

Question 25

Cloronation

Answer 25

Chlorine gass is produced on site, then bubbled trhough the watter to create Hypochloric acid, also creates compounds that stay in the water longer for contiual dissenfections

Question 26

Chlorine gass is produced on site, then bubbled trhough the watter to create Hypochloric acid, also creates compounds that stay in the water longer for contiual dissenfections

Answer 26

Cloronation

Question 27

dissadvantages of chlronation

Answer 27

Produces chloroform, a dangerous THM, when in contact with organic waste, as well as halogenated acetic acids. Water must be kept at a specific pH

Question 28

Produces chloroform, a dangerous THM, when in contact with organic waste, as well as halogenated acetic acids. water must be kept at a specific pH

Answer 28

dissadvantages of chlronation

Question 29

point of use filtration

Answer 29

a cleverly designed sand filter filled with good microbes that kill bad microbes.

Question 30

a cleverly designed sand filter filled with good microbes that kill bad microbes.

Answer 30

point of use filtration

Question 31

aeration zone

Answer 31

area of the soil where it is mostly air in the pores

Question 32

area of the soil where it is mostly air in the pores

Answer 32

aeration zone

Question 33

aquifer

Answer 33

area of the soild full of water, can be thought of a san underground lake or river sitting on top of the basement rock

Question 34

area of the soild full of water, can be thought of a san underground lake or river sitting on top of the basement rock

Answer 34

aquifer

Question 35

common aquifer contaminants

Answer 35

nitrates (Fertilizer) , Chlorate(ClO4^-, industrial) . Trichlorethene/perchloroethante (Degreasers), and BTX from car exhaust

Question 36

nitrates (Fertilizer) , Chlorate(ClO4^-, industrial) . Trichlorethene/perchloroethante (Degreasers), and BTX from car exhaust

Answer 36

common aquifer contaminants

Question 37

effects of CO4-

Answer 37

messes with your thyroid

Question 38

messes with your thyroid

Answer 38

effects of CO4-

Question 39

Structure of thrichloroethene

Answer 39

did you get it?

Question 40

structure of perchloethene

Answer 40

did you get it?

Question 41

behavior of conaminant in the aquifer

Answer 41

insoluble compounds tend to for bubbles just above/below the aquifer, slow diffusion creates a plume

Question 42

methods of treating contaminated groundwater

Answer 42

natural attenuation, pump & treat (bioremediation), In situ metal treatment, underground filter

Question 43

natural attenuation, pump & treat (bioremediation), In situ metal treatment, underground filter

Answer 43

methods of treating contaminated groundwater

Question 44

natural attenuation

Answer 44

the process of lettting nature take care of it, can be surprisingly effective

Question 45

the process of lettting nature take care of it, can be surprisingly effective

Answer 45

natural attenuation

Question 46

BTX

Answer 46

benzenes with 0-6 methyl groups *(usually just 0, 1 and 2 )

Question 47

benzenes with 0-6 methyl groups *(usually just 0, 1 and 2 )

Answer 47

BTX

Question 48

Bioremediation

Answer 48

treating contaminated water with microbes that eat the contaminant

Question 49

treating contaminated water with microbes that eat the contaminant

Answer 49

Bioremediation

Question 50

in situ metal treatment

Answer 50

metal is pumped down to the bolob to oxidize the contaminants, making them water soluable

Question 51

metal is pumped down to the bolob to oxidize the contaminants, making them water soluable

Answer 51

in situ metal treatment

Question 52

subterranian filtration

Answer 52

build a wall out of irnon filings sand, and other materials that the qauifer cna flow through that will remove the contaminants

Question 53

build a wall out of irnon filings sand, and other materials that the qauifer cna flow through that will remove the contaminants

Answer 53

subterranian filtration

Question 54

Sewage treatment processs

Answer 54

First we let the particles seperate (skim oil off the top and let sludge sink to the bottom), then we use microbes to oxidize the contaminants, making more sludge, than we treat it with various chemicals, depending on what common contaminant sin the area are.