Water contamination in the River Wye

Question 1

River Wye

Answer 1

River Wye, UK – flows through Wales and England, 215 km long = 5th longest in the UK

Causes:
Agricultural runoff: manure and fertilisers from intensive livestock farming → high phosphate and nitrate levels.
Sewage pollution: from septic tanks and wastewater discharge.
Historic industrial pollution: chemicals and heavy metals from past industry.

Impacts:
Eutrophication: algae growth, oxygen depletion, harms fish (e.g. salmon).
Biodiversity loss: decline in aquatic species.
Recreational decline: unsafe for swimming and kayaking.
Health risks: pathogens from animal and human waste.

Responses:
Environment Agency regulations on farming practices.
Agri-environment schemes: promote sustainable land management.
Upgraded sewage treatment facilities.
Public awareness campaigns and community clean-ups.

Stats:
Up to 70% of phosphate pollution linked to agriculture.
Over 60% of monitored sites on the Wye exceeded safe phosphate levels (Environment Agency, 2022).