Water Soluble Vitamins

Question 1

Tetrahydrofolic acid is the active form of what vitamin?

Answer 1

folic acid (folate)

Question 2

What vitamin transfers one carbon fragment in synthesis of amino acids, purines, and thymine?

Answer 2

folic acid (folate)

Question 3

What vitamin deficiency leads to megaloblastic anemia and neural tube defects?

Answer 3

folic acid (folate)

Question 4

High levels of B12 can mask what deficiency?

Answer 4

folic acid (folate)

Question 5

What is the most common nutritional anemia?

Answer 5

microcytic anemia

Question 6

What is lack of iron?

Answer 6

microcytic anemia

Question 7

What is MCV?

Answer 7

mean corpuscular volume, used to determine nutritional anemias

Question 8

What is protein-calorie malnutrition?

Answer 8

normocytic anemia

Question 9

What is deficiency in vitamin B12/folate?

Answer 9

macrocytic anemia

Question 10

What is the MCV for microcytic, normocytic, and macrocytic anemias?

Answer 10

microcytic: <80
normocytic: 80-100
macrocytic: >100

Question 11

What is the normal MCV for adults?

Answer 11

80-100 um^3

Question 12

Macrocytic anemias are often called _____.

Answer 12

megaloblastic

Question 13

What are the most common neural tube defects?

Answer 13

spina bifida and ancephaly

Question 14

True or False? ALL women of childbearing age should concume 0.4mg/day of folic acid (but no more than 1 mg/day).

Answer 14

True

Question 15

_____ supplementation before conception and during the first trimester eliminate spina bififa and ancephaly.

Answer 15

folic acid

Question 16

How many pregnancies are affected by neural tube defects in US per year?

Answer 16

4,000

Question 17

Methylcobalamin/deoxyadenosylcobalamin are the active forms of what vitamin?

Answer 17

vitamin B12

Question 18

What vitamin functions as acofactot for conversion of homocysteine to methionine and methylalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA?

Answer 18

vitamin B12

Question 19

What vitamin deficiency leads to pernicious (megaloblastic) anemia, dementia, spinal degeneration?

Answer 19

vitamin B12

Question 20

What is the autoimmune destruction of parietal cells that synthesize intrinsic factor?

Answer 20

pernicious anemia

Question 21

True or False? Pernicious anemia usually arises from insufficient consumption of B12.

Answer 21

False. Pernicious anemia usually arises from insufficient intestinal absorption

Question 22

B12 deficiency can be masked by ______.

Answer 22

folic acid

Question 23

What vitamin functions as an antioxidant and cofactor for hydroxylation reactions in procollagen?

Answer 23

vitmain C

Question 24

What vitamin deficiency causes scurvy (sore, spongy gums, loose teeth and poor wound healing)?

Answer 24

vitamin C

Question 25

Pyridoxal phosphate is the active form of what vitamin?

Answer 25

vitamin B6

Question 26

What vitamin functions as a cofactor for enzymes (i.e. amino acid production)?

Answer 26

vitamin B6

Question 27

What vitamin deficiency causes glossitis and neropathy (though rare)?

Answer 27

vitmain B6

Question 28

Which vitmain causes neurologic symptoms at intakes greater than 2g/day?

Answer 28

vitmain B6

Question 29

What vitamin is involved in transamination and deamination of amino acid metabolism?

Answer 29

vitamin B6

Question 30

Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is the active form of what vitamin?

Answer 30

vitamin B1

Question 31

What 2 reactions use thiamine pyrophosphate as a coenzyme?

Answer 31

A. transketolase | B. pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketogluturate dehydrogenase

Question 32

Beriberi and wernicke korsakoff syndrome are deficiencies of what vitamin?

Answer 32

vitamin B1

Question 33

What has infantile symptoms of tachycardia, vomiting, convulsions, and death, and is often found in areas where polished rice is the major dietary component?

Answer 33

Beriberi

Question 34

What is primarily seen in chronic alcoholics and include the following symptoms: apathy, loss of memory, and rhythmical eye movements?

Answer 34

wernicke-korsakoff syndrome

Question 35

NAD+ and NADPH are active forms of what vitamin?

Answer 35

niacin

Question 36

What vitamin aids in electron transfer?

Answer 36

niacin

Question 37

Pellagra is caused by what vitamin deficiency?

Answer 37

niacin

Question 38

High doses of what vitamin are used to treat hyperlipidemia?

Answer 38

niacin

Question 39

FAD and FMN are the active forms of what vitamin?

Answer 39

vitamin B2

Question 40

What vitamin accepts 2 H+ atoms and assists in oxidation and reduction reactions?

Answer 40

vitamin B2

Question 41

What vitamin deficiency causes dermatitis, cheilosis, and glossitis (though rare)?

Answer 41

vitamin B2

Question 42

Covalently bound carboxylase is the active form of what vitamin?

Answer 42

biotin

Question 43

What vitamin participates in carboxylation reactions?

Answer 43

biotin

Question 44

_____ results from a defect in the ability to remove biotin from carboxylases during their degradation.

Answer 44

multiple carboxylase deficiency

Question 45

Part of coenzyme A is the active forms of what vitamin?

Answer 45

pantothenic acid

Question 46

What vitamin functions as an acyl carrier?

Answer 46

pantothenic acid