Waves (P6)

Question 1

What does a wave transfer?

Answer 1

Energy from one place to another

Question 2

What causes a wave?

Answer 2

A vibration

Question 3

What is the definition of a transverse wave?

Answer 3

Oscillation is perpendicular to the direction of the wave

Question 4

What is the definition of a longitudinal wave?

Answer 4

Oscillation is parallel to the direction of the wave

Question 5

Give examples of longitudinal waves

Answer 5

Sound
Ultrasound
Primary Earthquakes (P)

Question 6

Give examples of transverse waves

Answer 6

Water waves
All EM waves
Secondary Earthquake (S)

Question 7

What is compression?

Answer 7

A compression is when particles in a longitudinal wave are closest

Question 8

What is rarefaction?

Answer 8

A rarefaction is when particles in a longitudinal wave are furthest apart

Question 9

What is amplitude?

Answer 9

The maximum displacement of a wave from its equilibrium

Question 10

What is wavelength?

Answer 10

The distance from a point in one wave to the same point on the next (i.e.: trough to trough)

Question 11

What is frequency?

Answer 11

Amount of waves that pass a point every second

Question 12

What is the unit of wave speed?

Answer 12

m/s

Question 13

What is the unit of wavelength?

Answer 13

m

Question 14

What is the unit of frequency?

Answer 14

Hz

Question 15

Equation for wave speed

Answer 15

v=fλ

velocity = frequency x wavelength

Question 16

What speed to EM waves travel at?

Answer 16

300, 000, 000 m/s

Question 17

What speed does sound travel at?

Answer 17

330 m/s

Question 18

List EM waves from longest to shortest

Answer 18

Radio
Microwaves
Infra-red
Visible
Ultra-violet
X-ray
Gamma

Question 19

Which EM wave has the highest frequency?

Answer 19

Gamma

Question 20

Which EM wave has the most energy?

Answer 20

Gamma

Question 21

Which EM waves are the most ionising?

Answer 21

Ultra-violet, X-rays and Gamma

Question 22

What happens when light travels from air into a glass block?

Answer 22

Refracts towards the normal

Question 23

What is the law of reflection?

Answer 23

The angle of incidence is the same as the angle of reflection

Question 24

What is the danger of ultra violet radiation?

Answer 24

Can cause premature aging of the skin and increased risk of skin cancer

Question 25

What is the danger of X-rays and gamma rays?

Answer 25

They are ionising radiation that can cause the mutation if genes and cancer

Question 26

What are radio waves used for?

Answer 26

Television and radio transmissions

Question 27

What are microwaves used for?

Answer 27

``` Satellite communication (they can travel through ionosphere) Cooking food ```

Question 28

What is infra-red used for?

Answer 28

Electrical heaters Cooking food Infra-red cameras

Question 29

What is visible light used for?

Answer 29

Fibre optic | To see

Question 30

What is ultra-violet used for?

Answer 30

Energy efficient lamps | Tanning

Question 31

What are X-rays used for?

Answer 31

Medical imaging | Security scanning

Question 32

What are gamma rays used for?

Answer 32

Medical treatment (radiotherapy)

Question 33

What type of wave does compression occur in?

Answer 33

Longitudinal

Question 34

What type of wave does rarefaction occur in?

Answer 34

Longitudinal

Question 35

What is the peak of a wave?

Answer 35

Top point

Question 36

What is the trough of a wave?

Answer 36

Bottom point

Question 37

When does light refract towards the normal?

Answer 37

When entering a medium denser than the one it was in

Question 38

When does light refract away from the normal?

Answer 38

When entering a medium less dense than the one it was in

Question 39

How do we calculate time period?

Answer 39

Period = 1/frequency

Question 40

Define period

Answer 40

The time it takes for one complete wave

Question 41

What is a boundary?

Answer 41

Where two substances meet

Question 42

What happens when light hits a boundary?

Answer 42

It reflects, refracts or is absorbed

Question 43

What is the normal?

Answer 43

An imaginary line perpendicular to the boundary

Question 44

Which mediums is light slower through?

Answer 44

Dense

Question 45

When light enters and leaves a glass block, which angles are the same?

Answer 45

The angle of incidence is equal to the angle between the normal and the light leaving the block

Question 46

Where do we measure the angle of incidence between?

Answer 46

The normal and the light

Question 47

What do we call reflection on a flat surface?

Answer 47

Specular Reflection

Question 48

What do we call reflection on a bumpy/uneven surface?

Answer 48

Diffuse Reflection