weather

Question 1

weather

Answer 1

the conditions outside considered from day to day

Question 2

climate

Answer 2

weather conditions of an area averaged over many years

Question 3

atmosphere

Answer 3

the blanket of air and moisture that surrounds earth

Question 4

latitude

Answer 4

side to side

Question 5

longitude

Answer 5

up and down

Question 6

condensation

Answer 6

water that collects as droplets on a cold surface when humid air is in contact with it

Question 7

sublimation

Answer 7

a chemical process where a solid turns into gas without going through the liquid stage
Eg.) ice cubes shrinking in the freezer

Question 8

deposition

Answer 8

gas turns to solid

Question 9

evaporation

Answer 9

a liquid turns to gas

Question 10

precipitation

Answer 10

process of precipitating a substance from a solution

Question 11

transpiration

Answer 11

process where plants absorb water, then give off water vapour through pores in their leaves

Question 12

hydrosphere

Answer 12

all the water join the earths surface

Eg.) Lakes, Seas

Question 13

5 layers of the atmosphere

Answer 13

• troposphere
• stratosphere
• mesosphere
• thermosphere
• exosphere

Question 14

troposphere

Answer 14

• high density layer
• goes to an altitude of 16km at equator and 8km at the poles
• contains most of the atmospheres moisture

Question 15

stratosphere

Answer 15

• above the troposphere
• ranges from 12km-50km
• air is cold, dry, clean

Question 16

mesosphere

Answer 16

• middle layer
• extends from 50km- 80km
• temperature and density of gases is extremely low

Question 17

thermosphere

Answer 17

• low density of molecules but higher energy producing higher temperatures
• electromagnetic waves from sun are absorbed here, which increases temp
• charged ions product light called auroras

Question 18

exosphere

Answer 18

• thin outermost layer

- can be called space because there are so few particles

Question 19

distribution of fresh water=

Answer 19

2.5

Question 20

distribution of glaciers=

Answer 20

2.2%

Question 21

distribution of underground water=

Answer 21

0.31%

Question 22

distribution of surface and atmospheric=

Answer 22

0.4%

Question 23

Heat sink

Answer 23

any object that absorbs energy and becomes warmer

Question 24

latent heat

Answer 24

when water changes state, a certain amount of heat is taken in or taken off

Question 25

heat capacity

Answer 25

measure of how much heat must be added to raise the temperature of a substance

Question 26

albedo

Answer 26

the degree to which a surface reflects light

Question 27

Conduction

Answer 27

transfer of energy by touching one object to another | Eg.) egg in frying pan

Question 28

Convection

Answer 28

transfer of heat through fluid | Eg.) water heated in a pot

Question 29

Radiation

Answer 29

transfer of energy without a medium by electromagnetic waves | Eg.) sunlight traveling through space

Question 30

Jet stream

Answer 30

a current of fast moving air found between 10-15km above the earths surface

Question 31

coriolis effect

Answer 31

most pronounced near the poles and non existent at the equator

Question 32

Polar cell:

Answer 32

60 degrees to the poles

Question 33

Hadley cell

Answer 33

30 degrees from equator

Question 34

Ferrel cell

Answer 34

30-60 degrees

Question 35

El nino

Answer 35

has warmer winters, current move towards south america

Question 36

el nina

Answer 36

same conditions as el nino just a little more intensified

Question 37

perihelion

Answer 37

the point in the orbit of a planet, asteroid or comet where/when its nearest to the sun

Question 38

apehelion

Answer 38

the point in the orbit of an object where its farthest form the sun