Week 1

Question 1

Kinesiology

Answer 1

study of the principles of anatomy (active and passive structures), physiology, and mechanics in relation to human movement.

Study of motion or human movement

Question 2

mid- axillary line

Answer 2

a line running vertically down the surface of the body passing through the apex of the axilla (armpit)

Question 3

anterior axillary line

Answer 3

a line that is parallel to the mid-axillary line and passes through the anterior axillary skinfold

Question 4

posterior axillary line

Answer 4

a line that is parallel to the mid-axillary line and passes through the posterior axillary skinfold

Question 5

mid-clavicular line

Answer 5

a line running vertically down the surface of the body passing through the midpoint of the clavicle

Question 6

mid-inguinal point

Answer 6

a point midway between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic symphysis

Question 7

contralateral

Answer 7

pertaining to the opposite side

Question 8

ipsilateral

Answer 8

on the same side

Question 9

bilateral

Answer 9

relating to the right and left sides of the body or of a body structure such as left and right extremities

Question 10

prone

Answer 10

lying on stomach

Question 11

supine

Answer 11

lying face up

Question 12

dorsal

Answer 12

relating to the back, posterior part, or upper surface of

Question 13

ventral

Answer 13

belly or abdomen, on or toward front, anterior part

Question 14

volar

Answer 14

either palmar or plantar

Question 15

kyphosis

Answer 15

increased curvature of the spine outward or backward in the sagittal plane

Question 16

lordosis

Answer 16

increased curvature of the spine inward or forward in the sagittal plane

Question 17

scoliosis

Answer 17

lateral curving of the spine

Question 18

plane that divides right and left side

Answer 18

sagittal

Question 19

plane that divides anterior from posterior half

Answer 19

frontal

Question 20

plane that divides superior from inferior half

Answer 20

transverse or horizontal

Question 21

mediolateral axis

Answer 21

same orientation as frontal plane of motion and runs from side to side at a right angle to the sagittal plane of motion

commonly includes flexion, extension movements

Question 22

anteroposterior axis

Answer 22

same orientation as sagittal plane of motion and runs from front to back at a right angle to frontal plane of motion

commonly includes abduction, adduction movements

Question 23

longitudinal axis

Answer 23

runs straight down through top of head and is at a right angle to transverse plane

runs superior/inferior

commonly includes internal rotation, external rotation movements

Question 24

diagonal or oblique axis

Answer 24

runs perpendicular to diagonal plane

Question 25

flexion

Answer 25

results in decrease of joint angle usually in sagittal plane

Question 26

extension

Answer 26

results in increase of joint angle usually in sagittal plane

Question 27

circumduction

Answer 27

circular movement of a limb that delineates an arc or cone. combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction

Question 28

external rotation

Answer 28

rotary movement around longitudinal axis of a bone away from the midline of the body typically occurs in transverse plane

Question 29

ankle and foot (subtalar and transverse tarsal) Eversion

Answer 29

turning of sole of foot outward or laterally | ex: standing with weight on inner edge of foot

Question 30

ankle and foot Inversion

Answer 30

turning sole of foot inward or medially | ex: standing with weight on outer edge of foot

Question 31

ankle and foot dorsiflexion

Answer 31

flexion movement of ankle that results in top of foot moving toward anterior tibia

Question 32

ankle and foot plantar flexion

Answer 32

extension movement of ankle that results in foot moving away from body

Question 33

ankle and foot pronation

Answer 33

combination of ankle dorsiflexion, subtalar eversion, and forefoot abduction (toe out)

Question 34

ankle and foot supination

Answer 34

combination of ankle plantar flexion, subtalar inversion, and forefoot adduction (toe in)

Question 35

radioulnar joint pronation

Answer 35

internally rotating radius where it lies diagonally across ulna, resulting in palm-down position of forearm

Question 36

radioulnar joint supination

Answer 36

externally rotating radius where it lies parallel to ulna, resulting in palm-up position of forearm

Question 37

shoulder depression

Answer 37

inferior movement of shoulder girdle | returning to normal position from a shoulder shrug

Question 38

shoulder elevation

Answer 38

superior movement of shoulder girdle | shrugging

Question 39

shoulder protraction

Answer 39

forward movement of shoulder girdle away from the spine | abduction of the scapula

Question 40

shoulder retraction

Answer 40

backward movement of shoulder girdle toward spine | adduction of the scapula

Question 41

shoulder rotation downward

Answer 41

rotary movement of the scapula with inferior angle of scapula moving medially and downward

Question 42

shoulder rotation upward

Answer 42

rotary movement of scapula with inferior angle of scapula moving laterally and upward

Question 43

shoulder horizontal abduction

Answer 43

movement of humerus in horizontal plane away from midline of the body

Question 44

horizontal adduction

Answer 44

movement of humerus in horizontal plane toward midline of body

Question 45

shoulder scaption

Answer 45

movement of humerus away from the body in the scapular plane. Glenohumeral abduction in a plane 30 to 45 degrees between the sagittal and frontal planes.

Question 46

lateral flexion of spine

Answer 46

side beding. movement of head and or trunk laterally away from the midline abduction of spine

Question 47

reduction of spine

Answer 47

return of spinal column to anatomic position from lateral flexion adduction of spine

Question 48

palmar flexion

Answer 48

flexion movement of wrist with volar side of hand moving toward anterior side of forearm

Question 49

dorsal flexion of hand

Answer 49

extension movement of wrist in the sagittal plane with dorsal or posterior side of hand moving toward posterior side of forearm

Question 50

radial flexion of wrist and hand (radial deviation)

Answer 50

abduction movement at wrist of thumb side of hand toward forearm

Question 51

ulnar flexion of wrist and hand (ulnar deviation)

Answer 51

adduction movement at wrist of little finger side of hand toward forearm

Question 52

opposition of the thumb

Answer 52

diagonal movement of thumb across palmar surface of hand to make contact with the hand and/or fingers

Question 53

reposition of the thumb

Answer 53

diagonal movement of the thumb as it returns to the anatomical position from opposition with the hand and/or fingers