Week 1

Question 1

what is the brain made up of?

Answer 1

77% water
11% fat
8% protein
4% salt

Question 2

number of neurons in the brain

Answer 2

10^11

Question 3

number of synapses in the brain

Answer 3

10^14

Question 4

medulla function

Answer 4

autonomic center for regulating heart, ungs, and digestive system

Question 5

pons function

Answer 5

relays sensory information to cerebellum

Question 6

cerebellum function

Answer 6

coordinates complex motor patterns

Question 7

cerebrum function

Answer 7

conscious thought, memory, “higher processing”

Question 8

the position along the neuraxis corresponds to the ______ of the process being controlled

Answer 8

complexity

Question 9

brain stem function

Answer 9

basic survival (respiration, heartrate)

Question 10

cortex

Answer 10

higher functions

Question 11

can learning/memory cause functional brain changes?

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

can prenatal influences like hormones, drugs, alcohol lear to functional brain changes?

Answer 12

yes

Question 13

the brain changes and develops from age 0 until _____

Answer 13

death

Question 14

the brain changes and develops from age 0 until _____

Answer 14

death

Question 15

neurons are ____ and _____ throughout life

Answer 15

added and removed

Question 16

sensitive periods of plasticity are ______ in different ares

Answer 16

different

Question 17

3 functions of neurons

Answer 17

1. transduce physical signals into neural signals
2. 3.

Question 18

sensory and motor neurons make up only _____ of all neurons

Answer 18

4%

Question 19

3 common areas of neurons

Answer 19

input zone (dendrites and cell body)
integration zones (site of spike of initiation)
output zone (axon and synapses)

Question 20

input zone

Answer 20

dendrites and cell body

Question 21

integration zone

Answer 21

site of spike of initiation

Question 22

output zone

Answer 22

axon and synapses

Question 23

three types of neurons

Answer 23

multipolar neuron
bipolar neuron
monopolar neuron

Question 24

5 ways to measure metabolic activity in the brain

Answer 24

PET, NMR, fMRI,CAT, MRI

Question 25

CAT

Answer 25

computed axial tomography

Question 26

PET

Answer 26

positive emission tomography

Question 27

NMR

Answer 27

nuclear magnetic resonance

Question 28

fMRI

Answer 28

functional magnetic resonance imaging

Question 29

MRI

Answer 29

magnetic resonance imaging

Question 30

two ways to measure electrical activity in the brain

Answer 30

microstimulation, EEG (gross potential)

Question 31

Who was Phineas Gage

Answer 31

rod through brain, turned from diligent, dependable leader to foulmouthed, ill-mannered liar

Question 32

the position along the neuraxis corresponds to the ______ of the process being controlled

Answer 32

complexity

Question 33

spinal cord function

Answer 33

relfexes

Question 34

brain stem function

Answer 34

basic survival (respiration, heartrate)

Question 35

cortex

Answer 35

higher functions

Question 36

allocation of brain space corresponds to functional __________

Answer 36

importance

Question 37

3 key functions of neurons

Answer 37

transduce physical signals into neural signals transmit, transform and store neural info transduce neural signals into muscle action

Question 38

______ cells wrap around the axon and consist of myelin

Answer 38

Schwann

Question 39

3 functional types of neurons

Answer 39

sensory/input, interneurons, motor or output neurons

Question 40

3 zones of a neuron, conserved in all

Answer 40

``` input zone (dendrites and cell body) integration zone (site of spike initiation) output zone (axon and synapses) ```

Question 41

sensory and motor neurons make up _____ %

Answer 41

4

Question 42

action potentials travel without _______

Answer 42

attenuation

Question 43

can axon potentials go in both directions?

Answer 43

no, only one

Question 44

between neurons, signals are carried in _______

Answer 44

neurotransmitters

Question 45

neuron resting potential

Answer 45

-70mv