Week 4.5 Hearing/Olfactory Flashcards
(39 cards)
The audible range is ___ to ____ Hz
20-20,000
differences at the two ears provide information about localization in _____
space
extending through the cochlea and maintaining directionality is the _____ _____
basilar membrane
the cochlea performs ____ _____ to disambiguate the experienced complex waveform and split it into smaller waves
fourier analysis
the ____ _____ of the cochlea performs fourier analysis on the signal
basilar membrane
_____ frequency sound waves move deeper into the basilar membrane
lower
sound, in the form of waves through a liquid, enters the cochlea at the ____ window, and leaves at the ____ window
oval, round
the _____ membrane in the cochlea moves, while the ______ membrane remains relatively stiff
basilar, tectorial
the _____ of the hair cell extends into the liquid in the chamber between the tectorial membrane and basilar membrane
stereocilia
the “hair cells” are made up of ____ and _____
stereocilia and kinocilium
there are about ______ inner hair cells and _______ outer hair cells
3500, 12000
_____ hair cells diverge and are connected to 8030 auditory nerve fibers.
inner
_____ hair cells converge - each auditory nerve fiber is connected to many ____ hair cells
outer
hair cell stereo cilia are connected by a ____ ____ that opens a ____ channel when activated
tip link , K+
the frequency of the sound is reflected in the _____ of the ______
firing of the neuron
can a neuron fire at 700 Hz?
no
how do high frequency sounds get translated by the neuron?
several fibers fire, and the signal is summed
hair cell damage =
hearing damage
3 major vestibular reflexes:
vestibulo - 1. ocular
- colic
- spinal reflexes
what does the ocular reflex do?
keeps the eyes still in space when the head moves
what does the vestibulo-colic reflex do?
keeps head still in space , or on a level plane when you walk
what does the vestibular spinal reflex do?
adjusts posture for rapid changes in position
we can distinguish _____ smells
10000
MOB
main olfactory bulb
