WEEK 1 ONC NURSING

Question 1

define cancer cells

Answer 1

abnormal cells divide without control and invade other tissues
undergone neoplastic transformation to become an unhealthy cell.

Question 2

what is PCD

Answer 2

programmed cell death
cell deciding to die and not replicate

Question 3

what occurs in G1 phase and how long does it take place for

Answer 3

growth
18-30 hours
end of mitosis to DNA synthesis
starts enzyme production for DNA

Question 4

WHAT OCCURS DURING s PHASE AND HOW LONG

Answer 4

7-20 hours
DNA copied and doubled

Question 5

G2 phase

Answer 5

2nd growth
2-10 hours
specialised proteins and RNA

Question 6

4 phases of mitosis

Answer 6

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 7

what is the alternate phase if cells dont enter G1

Answer 7

G0

Question 8

what is apoptosis

Answer 8

cell suicide

Question 9

what 2 characterisitcs of cancer cells can make them deadly

Answer 9

proliferation
spread

Question 10

what is growth fraction

Answer 10

ratio of total number of cells to number of dividing cells

Question 11

at what size are tumours usually detectable

Answer 11

1 cm and 1g

Question 12

explain the process of the metastic cascade:

Answer 12

intravascate and extravasate : ability to enter and leave the circulatory and lymphatic system
primary tumours grows
cells then detach from primary tumour and cancer cells invase and enter bloodstream or lymph vessels
travel and lodge in other part of the body
angiogenesis occurs and new blood supply to tumour is established

Question 13

what impacts clinical distress

Answer 13

disease status
treatment tolerance
symptom intensity and frequency
lifestyle effect
QOL

Question 14

treatment for psychosocial care

Answer 14

education
support and education
relationship counselling
grief counselling
patient counselling
patient advocacy
education
spiritual care

Question 15

practical problems to be faced

Answer 15

trasnport
accomodation
financial issues
occupationa