Week 1 Part 2

Question 1

What are the three layers of blood vessel?

Answer 1

Vascular intima (inner layer)
Vascular media (middle layer)
Vascular adventitia (outer layer)

Question 2

provides interface between circulating blood throughout
the body

Answer 2

Vascular intima

Question 3

its endothelial surface is usually inert to platelets and coagulation (termed as non-thrombogenic surface)

Answer 3

Vascular intima

Question 4

if the lining is disrupted, the injured vessel and its adjacent vessel constricts (vasoconstriction)

Answer 4

Vascular intima

Question 5

Tunica intima
the innermost lining of blood vessels is a monolayer of
metabolically active _____________.

Answer 5

Endothelial cells

Question 6

Anticoagulant Properties of Vascular Intima

Answer 6

Prostacyclin
Nitric Oxide
Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor
Thrombomodulin
Heparan sulfate

Question 7

Platelet inhibitor

Answer 7

Prostacyclin (PGI2)

Question 8

Vasodilator

Answer 8

Prostacyclin

Question 9

Synthesized through the eicosanoid pathway

Answer 9

Prostacyclin

Question 10

Induces smooth muscle relaxation (vasodilation)

Answer 10

Nitric oxide

Question 11

Inhibits platelet activation

Answer 11

Nitric oxide

Question 12

Promotes angiogenesis

Answer 12

Nitric oxide

Question 13

Synthesized in ECs, vascular smooth muscle cells, neutrophils, and macrophages

Answer 13

Nitric oxide

Question 14

Controls activation of the tissue factor pathway

Answer 14

Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor

Question 15

Limits the activation of the TF:VIIa:Xa complex

Answer 15

Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor

Question 16

Facilitated by the endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR)

Answer 16

Thrombomodulin

Question 17

Serves as a cofactor in protein C activation when
bound to thrombin

Answer 17

Thrombomodulin

Question 18

A glycosaminoglycan that enhances the activity of
antithrombin

Answer 18

Heparan sulfate

Question 19

Present a smooth, contiguous surface

Answer 19

Vascular endothelium is composed of rhomboid cells

Question 20

eicosanoid platelet inhibitor

Answer 20

Prostacyclin

Question 21

A vascular “relaxing” factor

Answer 21

Nitric oxide

Question 22

An anticoagulant that regulates thrombin generation

Answer 22

heparan sulfate

Question 23

A regulator of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation

Answer 23

TFPI

Question 24

An integral component of the protein C control system

Answer 24

EPCR

Question 25

A protein C coagulation control system activator

Answer 25

Thrombomodulin

Question 26

Activate fibrinolysis

Answer 26

TPA

Question 27

Procoagulant Properties of Vascular Intima

Answer 27

Vasoconstriction Collagen Von Willebrand Factor (vWF) ADAMTS-13 P-selectin Intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs) Platelet endothelia cell adhesion molecules (PECAMs) Smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts Tissue Factor

Question 28

Induced by a harmful local stimulus (mechanical or chemical)

Answer 28

Vasoconstriction

Question 29

Produced by fibroblasts

Answer 29

Collagen

Question 30

Binds and activates platelets

Answer 30

Collagen

Question 31

● ADAMTS 13 Secreted by endothelial cells from its storage site called __________

Answer 31

Weibel-Palade bodies

Question 32

Primarily binds to platelet membrane receptor GPIb to promote adhesion

Answer 32

Von willebrand factor

Question 33

Functions as a carrier to factor VIII

Answer 33

Von willebrand factor

Question 34

Adamts-13 is secreted from

Answer 34

ENDOTHELIAL CELLS

Question 35

Serves an important function as it cleaves large vWF multimers into shorter chains that support normal platelet adhesion.

Answer 35

ADAMTS-13

Question 36

Secreted by EC

Answer 36

ADAMTS-13 P-selectin Intercellular cell adhesion molecules (ICAMs) and Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecules (PECAMs)

Question 37

Coats ECs

Answer 37

P-selectin

Question 38

An adhesion molecule that promotes platelet and leukocyte-binding

Answer 38

P-selectin

Question 39

Are immunoglobulin-like adhesion molecules

Answer 39

Intercellular cell adhesion molecules (ICAMs) and Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecules (PECAMs)

Question 40

Further promotes platelet and leukocyte binding

Answer 40

Intercellular cell adhesion molecules (ICAMs) and Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecules (PECAMs)

Question 41

Supports the constitutive membrane protein tissue factor

Answer 41

Smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts

Question 42

Disrupted ECs exposes TF in subendothelial cells (activates the coagulation system through contact with factor VII)

Answer 42

Smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts

Question 43

White clot consists of

Answer 43

Platelet and vwf

Question 44

Bulky red clot consists of

Answer 44

Consists of platelets, vWF, fibrin, and red blood cells

Question 45

In arteries and arterioles

Answer 45

White clot

Question 46

In veins

Answer 46

Bulky red clot

Question 47

Induce vasoconstriction

Answer 47

Smooth muscle cells in arterioles and arteries

Question 48

Binds VWF; binds to and activates platelets

Answer 48

Exposed subendothelial collagen

Question 49

Important for platelet binding to collagen at site of injury: platelet adhesion as a first line of defense against bleeding

Answer 49

Damaged or activated ECs secrete VWF

Question 50

Promote platelet and leukocyte binding and activation at site of injury P-selectin, ICAMs, PECAMs

Answer 50

Damaged or activated ECs secrete adhesion molecules:

Question 51

Tissue factor exposed on cell membranes

Answer 51

Exposed smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts

Question 52

Tissue factor is induced by inflammation

Answer 52

ECs in inflammation

Question 53

Fibrinolytic Properties of Vascular Intima

Answer 53

Tissue Plasminogen Activator (TPA) Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) Thrombin Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor (TAFI)

Question 54

During thrombus formation, both TPA and plasminogen bind to polymerized fibrin

Answer 54

Tissue Plasminogen Activator

Question 55

Activates fibrinolysis by converting plasminogen to plasmin

Answer 55

Tissue Plasminogen Activator

Question 56

A TPA control protein that inhibits plasmin generation and fibrinolysis

Answer 56

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1

Question 57

Increases the tendency for thrombosis

Answer 57

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Thrombin Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor

Question 58

Can slow fibrinolysis

Answer 58

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Thrombin Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor

Question 59

● Is activated by thrombin bound to EC membrane thrombomodulin

Answer 59

Thrombin Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor