Week 10 - Inferential Statistics

Question 1

What is ratio

Answer 1

compares the size of one group to another

formula:
Ratio= GroupB (divided) GroupA

Question 2

what is proportion

Answer 2

expresses part of a whole (a group compared to the total)

formula:
proportion = part (divided) whole

Question 3

What is a percentage

Answer 3

a proportion (0.–) multipled by 100 to express as a percentage

formula:
precentage = proportion x 100

Question 4

What are rates

Answer 4

measures how common something is in a population over time
- typically reported per 100,000 people

Question 5

what are the types of rates

Answer 5

incident rate = new cases (divided) population

prevalence rate = existing cases (divided) population

Question 6

what are measures of central tendency

Answer 6

these describe the average or center point of a data set
main types are
- mean
- median
- mode

Question 7

what are the measures of variability (spread)

Answer 7

These describe how spread out or different the values in a dataset are. Key measures include:
- range
- variance
- SD
- IQR

Question 8

Why is central tendancy important

Answer 8

helps identify standard ranges for key metrics such as BMI, blood pressure, cholesterol, etc.

Question 9

Why is variability important

Answer 9

It helps identify outliers or abnormal values that might indicate a health issue.

Question 10

What is sampling

Answer 10

Sampling is the process of selecting a subset (or sample) from a larger group (or population) to collect data and make observations.

Question 11

what is statistical inference

Answer 11

Statistical inference is the process of using data from a sample to make conclusions or predictions about the larger population.

Question 12

What is margin of error

Answer 12

a statistical measure that expresses the amount of random sampling error in the results of a survey

Question 13

what is a standard error

Answer 13

a statistical term that quantifies the variability of a sample statistic, most commonly the sample mean, when estimating a population parameter.

Question 14

what is a confidence interval

Answer 14

a range of values, calculated from sample data, that is likely to contain the true value of an unknown population parameter

Question 15

what is p-value

Answer 15

a number between 0 and 1 that represents the probability of obtaining results as extreme as, or more extreme than