Week 10 Learning Outcomes Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are the components of the urinary system?
- Kidneys
- Ureters
- Urinary bladder
- Urethra
Each of these components plays a crucial role in the formation, storage, and excretion of urine.
What is the external anatomy of the kidney?
- Renal capsule
- Renal cortex
- Renal medulla
- Renal pelvis
The kidney is surrounded by a fibrous capsule and has distinct outer and inner regions.
What is the internal anatomy of the kidney?
- Renal pyramids
- Nephrons
- Collecting ducts
- Blood vessels
The internal structure is designed for efficient filtration and urine formation.
What are the structures of the ureters?
- Muscular tubes
- Transitional epithelium
- Adventitia
Ureters transport urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
What are the structures of the urinary bladder?
- Detrusor muscle
- Transitional epithelium
- Trigone
The bladder serves as a temporary storage site for urine.
What are the structures of the urethra?
- Internal urethral sphincter
- External urethral sphincter
- Urethral opening
The urethra is responsible for the excretion of urine.
What is the micturition reflex?
- Stretch receptors activation
- Signal to spinal cord
- Contraction of detrusor muscle
- Relaxation of sphincters
This reflex controls the process of urination.
What is the structure of the nephron?
- Renal corpuscle
- Proximal convoluted tubule
- Loop of Henle
- Distal convoluted tubule
- Collecting duct
The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, essential for filtering blood and forming urine.
What are the processes of urine formation?
- Filtration
- Reabsorption
- Secretion
- Excretion
Each process occurs in different sections of the nephron.
What occurs at the renal corpuscle during urine formation?
Filtration of blood
This is where blood plasma is filtered to form filtrate.
What occurs at the proximal convoluted tubule during urine formation?
Reabsorption of nutrients and water
This segment reabsorbs about 65% of filtered water and solutes.
What occurs at the loop of Henle during urine formation?
Concentration of urine
This section helps in the reabsorption of water and salts, crucial for urine concentration.
What occurs at the distal convoluted tubule during urine formation?
Further reabsorption and secretion
This segment fine-tunes the composition of urine.
What is the concept of body fluid?
The fluid found within compartments of the body
Body fluids are essential for various physiological functions, including transport and regulation.
How is water gained by the body?
- Ingestion of liquids
- Food consumption
- Metabolic processes
These processes contribute to the overall hydration of the body.
How is water lost from the body?
- Urination
- Perspiration
- Respiration
- Feces
Understanding water balance is crucial for maintaining homeostasis.
