Week 11 Flashcards
(35 cards)
cerebrum
most anterior part of brain consisting of two hemispheres (left and right). responsible for initiation and coordination of voluntary activity in body
cerebellum
receives info from sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain and regulates motor movements. posture, balance, coordination, speech
(right/left) cortex gyrus
ridge like elevation found on surface of cerebral cortex. Gyri are surrounded by sulci. made up of gray matter of the cerebral cortex (consists of nerve cell bodies and dendrites)
(fold) sulcus
depression/groove in cerebral cortex
olfactory bulb
in forebrain of vertebrates that receive neural input about odors detected by cells in nasal cavity
optic chiasma
x shaped structure formed below the brain where the 2 optic nerves cross over
mammillary body
located where?
pair of small round bodies on undersurface of brain. plays active role in how recognitional memory is processed. located at ends of anterior arches of fornix
corpora quadrigemina
(brain sand) calcified structures in pineal gland and other parts of brain such as choroid plexus
-older organisms have numerous corpora arenacea, but function is unknown
pons
links medulla oblongata and thalamus. upper part of brain stem. control of breathing, communication bw diff parts of brain, and sensations such as hearing, taste, and balance
pineal body
**other name
produces melatonin, a serotonin-derived hormone which modulates sleep patterns in both circadian and seasonal cycles
-Epiphysis cerebri
pituitary gland
pea sized gland. body’s ‘master gland’ bc it controls activity of most other hormone secreting glands
corpus callosum
connects left side of brain to right side (each side is hemisphere). allows info to pass bw two halves.
infundibulum
connection bw hypothalamus and posterior pituitary
thalamus
above brain stem bw cerebral cortex and midbrain. relay motor and sensory signals to cerebral cortex.
hypothalamus
located at base of brain near pituitary gland.
- releases hormones
- regulates body temp
- maintain daily physiological cycles
- controls appetite
- managing of sexual behavior
third ventricle and lateral ventricles (from coronal section)
ventricles of brain are communicating network of cavities filled w cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), located within brain parenchyma.
composed of 2 lateral ventricles, 3rd ventricle, cerebral aqueduct, 4th ventricle
medulla oblongata
the continuation of the spinal cord within the skull, lowest part of brainstem. control centers for heart and lungs.
retina
inner layer, located near optic nerve. It receives light that the lens has focused, convert the light into neural signals, and send these signals on to the brain for visual recognition
sclera
white of theeye, is the opaque, fibrous, protective, outer layer ofeyecontaining collagen and some elastic fiber.
cornea
the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. refracts light. accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye’s total optical power.
lens
a transparent, biconvex structure, helps refract light to be focused on the retina.
iris
controlling the diameter and size of the pupil and thus the amount of light reaching the retina.
optic nerve
transfer visual information from retina to the vision centers of the brain
pupil
allows light to strike the retina
