Week 11 (E) Flashcards by Elle Chapman

5 steps of generic planning cycle

Assesment of need
Setting aims, or what you intend to achieve
Setting objectives, which are precise and measurable outcomes
deciding on methods, interventions or strageties to achieve the objectives
assessing whether you have met the objectives

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differences between strategic and project planning

strategic planning is for a broad program, project planning is for smaller-scale, time limited health promotion projects

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three planning models

generic 7-stage model
logistical frameworks (log frames)
PRECEDE-PROCEED Model

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Stages in the Generic 7 Stage Model

Identify the nature of the problem
Set aims and objectives
Identify methods to achieve abjectives
Identify resources and inputs
Plan evaluation methods
Set an action plan
Implement the plan

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step 1:Identify the nature of the problem

what is the health issue?

who is affected by the health issue?

what are the determinants of the health issue?

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Step 2: Set aims and objectives

what is the overarching purpose of the project?

what specific changes do you hope to bring about

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Step 3: Identify methods to achieve objectives

-what combination of reorienting health services, developing personal skills, strengthening community action, developing health policy, or using the media is most likely to bring about hoped for changes

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Step 4: Identify resources and inputs

-what is your budget? is it big enough to implement the methods you have identified?

-which stakeholders have expertise and time to devote to the project?

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Step 5: Plan evaluation methods

-what research activities will you conduct to assess if youve met the projects objectives?
-when will you conduct the research activities?

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step 6: set an action plan

-what are all of the tasks that need to be completed?

when will every task be completed by?
who si responsible for every task?

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Step 7: implement the plan

-if you have answered the questions prior, you can start the project

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planning in health promotion is often expressed in

figures

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A logic chain includes:

-inputs (what we invest)
-Outputs (activities we do and participants we reach)
-Outcomes (what we expect to happen in the short, medium or long term)

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what is a logic model

a type of chain for a specific intervention project

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logical model includes:

-workforce inputs
-short term outcomes
-intermediate outcomes
-long term outcomes
-impacts

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example of input

intervention activities

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example short-term outcomes

changes in individual knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, or skills

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examples medium term outcomes

changes in behaviour

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examples long term outcomes

changes in health status

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the most known adn used model of health promotion program

PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model

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PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model

-logical model
-more detail than the generic 7 stage model
-explicitly links evaluation activties to the prior phases

PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model phase 1

Social Assessment
-situational analysis
-focus on QoL
-talk with population and discuss QoL issues they are facing

what does precede stand for

predisposing
reinforcing
enabling
constructs in
educational
diagnosis
evaluation model

what does proceed stand for

policy
regulatory
organizational
constructs in
educational
environmental
developemnent

precede vs proceed

precede - steps before intervention, done inventory of community, and what issue is and barriers/things that will HELP intervention proceed - run intervention and evaluate it, are people changing? is this doing what we want?

Precede phases

1-5

proceed phases

6-9

PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model phase 2

Epidemiological assessment -what are the factors affecting the QoL issue? -what is having the negative impact? health concern?

PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model phase 3

Behavioural & Environmental Assessment -what are the barriers? -environmental factors that influence behaviour -what needs to be changed

PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model phase 4

Educational & Ecological Assessment -predisposing, reinforcing and enabling factors that are effecting something

What is a predisposing factor

-happens beforehand -exists within the individual -facilitate or hinder motivation for change ex. not having proper knowledge about a behaviour

what is a Reinforcing factor

providing feedback and facilitating adherance, come into play AFTER behaviour has begun

what is an enabling factor

-barriers/opporitunity that are created by society -make it easier or harder for person to change

PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model phase 5

Administrative and Policy Assessment -is what we want to do possible? -make sure what we want is aligned with what is possible

PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model phase 6

Implementation -running the intervention

PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model phase 7

Process Evaluation -Are we doing what we said we were going to do?

How can we monitor for all the proceed phases?

Surveys, interviews, RCTs, Record keeping

PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model phase 8

Impac Evaluation - are we having an impact on behaviour lifestyle and environment like we wanted to?

PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model phase 9

Outcome Evaluation -did i change the bigger level thing I set out to change?

what phases rarely happen sequentially

Phase 1 & 2

Aims

broad goals/statements of what an intervention or project is intended to achieve ***not necessarily measurable

Objective

precise, measurable, statements of intended outcomes

good objectives include what 4 elements:

1. Who: people expected to change 2. what: action 3. when: time frame 4. how much: extent to change

good objective follow what criteria

SMART specific, measurable, achieveable, realistic, time bound

Types of objectives

educational, behavioural, policy, environmental or process

Educational Objectives

short-term, involving changes in knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, competencies or skills

Behavioural Objective

longer-term and involve changes in lifestyle or uptake of services

Policy objective

involve change in policy

environemtnal objectives

concerned with changes to the physcial or social environment

process objective

assessing the implementation of the program, such as whether principles like community participation have been met or sufficient numbers reached

intervention method chosen should realistically be expected to

achieve the interventions aims and objectives

why are objectives particularily important

they are the standard against which intervention effectiveness is assessed in the evaluation phase