Week 11: MSK

Question 1

MSK System

Answer 1

• ## Functions to support, structure, and movement

Question 2

Components

Answer 2

Bones, muscles, connective tissues ( cartilage, tendon, ligaments), joints

Question 3

Joints

Answer 3

Synovial joints: freely move
Cartilagous joints: slighty free
Fibrous: immovebale
Joints refer to two bones coming together

Question 4

MSK Assessment

Answer 4

Inspect, Palpate, ROM, muscle strength

Question 5

TMJ Joint

Answer 5

Mandible and temporal
Allow for opening and closing, side to side jaw movement, potrusion and retraction

Question 6

Glenohumeral Joint

Answer 6

Ball and socket; flexion, extension, adduction abduction, rotation, circumduction
Between Shoulder joint

Question 7

Humeroradial joint

Answer 7

Elbow Joint
- Allow for flexion and extension
- Humerous, radius, ulna
- –>Radioulnar prontation and supnation
- -> Radiohumeral and humerunlar flex extend

Question 8

Tibofemoral Joinnt

Answer 8

Femur, tibia, patella
Cruciate and collateral ligaments
Bura sheath
–> Flex and extend
Knee joint

Question 9

Acetabulofemoral Joint Hips

Answer 9

Ball + Socket Joint Wider ROM
Prone to injury for older adults

Question 10

Tibiotalar Joint Ankle and Foot

Answer 10

Tibotalar Joint , Tibia fibula, Talus
Medial and lateral malleolus
Metatarsal
Tibiotaral Hinge ( dorisflex and plantar

Question 11

Radiocarpal Wrist and Caral Joint

Answer 11

Flexion, extension, ulnar and radial devation

Question 12

Emergent Fall Assessment

Answer 12

• Immediate suspection for spinal injury in area
  Do not attempt to correct misalignment
  Goals: allevate pain and complications
  Assess: symmetrical movement and shape, allignment, nerve and blood suplly distal to injury
  C-S-M Area
  Idenify the probelm and prevent pain and more damage rather than attemp to realign. Look for alignment of joints, symmetry, soft tissues

Question 13

MSK Subjective

Answer 13

Joints: note pain, stiffness, limited ROM
Edema
Muscle weakness
Bones ( pain, deformities)
ADL’s and self care

Question 14

MSK Releated Diagnosis

Answer 14

• Myaliga: pain in mucles
  Arthralgia: pain from bone or joint
  Contracture: shortened tendons or muscle due to injury
  Functional Assessment: assess function for usal ADL’s and any abnomal findings, recent trips, ( bathing, mobility, dress)

Question 15

MSK Objective Assessments

Answer 15

• Examine tenderness last
  -1. Inpsection: gait, size contour color swelling massess skin and tissues over joint
  2. Palpation: temp, muslces, bony regions, joint capulse for tenderness, heat, swelling pain. Crepitus (popping,crackle when moved)
  Head-toe , proximal to distal assessment and may be mofied due to limitations. Compare bilaterally
  3. ROM: no tenderness, show ROM ability of joints: Active rom ( own movement) passive ROM (assissted but gentle if pain)
• Note symmetry ROM, shoulder and knees, joints should move free and quite

Question 16

MSK Full Assessment

Answer 16

1. Inspect
2. Palpate
3. ROM of joints
4. Graded Muscle Strength Testing: assess muscle tone ( spasm, tremor) muscle strength ( grip, push pull) Applying force
   0 to 5 scale of graded muscle strength testing

Question 17

Scale of Resistance

Answer 17

5: complete ROM against gravity and full resistance
4: Complete ROM gravity
3: Complete supported ROM , not against gravity
2: Muscle contacts
1: none

Question 18

TMJ Joints Assessment

Answer 18

1. Inspect: joint
2. Palpate: mouth
3. ROM: Motion and range
   –> Have pt open wide and move side to side , potrosuion, palpate muscles
4. Muscle strength: ask to move against force when forward, and laterally , open mouth to reistsance CN V Trigeminal

Question 19

Cervical Spine Exam

Answer 19

1. Inspection: aligmment of head and spine should be straight
2. Palpate: spinous process and sternomastioid and traps
3. ROM: move chin chest, lift chin, move to each shoulder
4. Muscle test: pt mainatin flexion agaisnt resistance

Question 20

Shoulders

Answer 20

Inspect joint for swelling, size, symmetry, redness, atrophy
Palpate shoulders for heat, tender, swell of joint
Motion: full rom up, down, rotation
Muscle test: shurg (CN XI Spinal) , extend back

Question 21

Hips, Knees

Answer 21

Check for symmetry, size, mass, swelling, lesions Palpate for redness, tenderness
Motion should be full, swing leg
Muscle test against flexion, extension

Question 22

Balance

Answer 22

Romberg , Tandem walk, rapid altern movements , finger to thumb, heel to shin

Question 23

Older adults

Answer 23

Weakened musclem, osteoporesis, decreased height , kyphosis ( curvature) Decreased ROM and muscle loss
Promotion: fall prevention, skin ingriety, ADL’s assiatnce, ROM