Week 11- Proving your points

Question 1

The art of persuasion

Answer 1

“Let rhetoric be (defined as) an ability in each case, to see the available means of persuasion”

Egos- Ethical appeal
The speaker as…
good sense: being credible to speak on the topic

good will: having the best interest of the audience at heart

good character: being a good person
loyal, positive, faithful

logos- Logical appeal
the speech as..
good flow of thought and expression:
use clear word choice and organization of ideas.

good reasoning: offering strong, sound argumentation for points.

good evidence : backing up claims with substantive, solid support

pathos- Emotional appeal

The audience feels…
Interest in listening:
Getting the audience curious, attentive to every word

feeling(s) regarding the topic:
Evoking emotion(s) in the listener
Motivation to believe or act:
Inspiring or compelling listeners to change to some degrees/ direction their thinking or behavior

Question 2

What are each of its strengths?

Answer 2

Ethos- speaker is everything if we don’t find a speaker credible , likeable , or lack trust far less likely to listen and be persuaded
Aristotle- it’s who you are

Logos- called the heart of persuasion or substance -arguments, points, evidence
substance over style

Pathos- deeper form of persuasion, it’s appeal to our hearts
can be a versal form of persuasion
over our overt awareness

Question 3

Which one is more important?

Answer 3

Aristotle argued ethos was the most “potent” of the three, it would wisely underpin the use of the other 2 , provides ethical guidance to the use of them

however, all three are equally important
why? people can have different preferences so you use all 3 to maximize persuasion

Question 4

What is Kairos?

Answer 4

Ancient Greek term for time, place, moment or opportunity
specificity of those things listed that shapes how you use the 3
one could be more pivotal or important in a specific time and place in your speech

ex. funeral
pathos

ex debate
logos

ex. prosecutor , witness testimony
ethos

Question 5

How do you create Logos?

Answer 5

Good intro thesis, support , evidence, source citation
strong case made/ given
no fallacies
visual aid- slideshow title, claim, conclusion
charts, diagrams, maps
handouts
delivery- use of voice, good rate, clear pronunciation

Question 6

How do you invoke Pathos?

Answer 6

Content- personal knowledge or experience
great opening hook
audience needs, values, beliefs can grab attention and emotion
audience involvement or interaction
asking questions
strong finish- strong, strategic word choice
visual aids- pictures, clips
delivery- principle of contagion- what you feel as contagious
expressive voice, variety

Question 7

How do you establish Ethos?

Answer 7

audience members perception
good preparation, practice
greeting to the audience, complementing
humor - on point to topic
source credibility, objective
good vocab
visual aids- slideshow, handout, demonstrations
delivery - strong voice, confident yet relaxed posture, good eye contact, smiling as appropriate
conversational style speaking

Question 8

How do establish Ethos?

Answer 8

Statement of credibility- speaker stating or shows what makes them credible on their chosen topic
perceptual

Statement of goodwill- speaker stating their positive intentions in presenting the topic, explaining how it will be of benefit

Statement of Vested interest - speaker stating or disclosing a significant motive or personal gain they would have in presenting on that topic

Identification - a person showing similarity with another person or with audience, beliefs backgrounds
can create a sense of liking

Alignment- when a speaker mentions the names of renown, revered people in the nation or in the world past or present
borrowing on their own ethos to enhance your own

Mythos- proposed 4th proof
where the speaker connects their topic to culture (folklore, legend , historical, myth, ritual, tradition)
invokes cultural heritage, identity