Week 12 Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is spatial behavior?
Behaviors that we and other animals use to guide all of our body parts through space.
What is memory space?
Where we store all the knowledge about locations on a map that we use to navigate
What is Topographic memory?
ability to orient oneself in relation to one’s environemnt
What do we use cognitive maps for?
To guide new trips through the same environment.
T/F
Space can be broken down into subspaces?
TRUE
What are the subtypes of spaces?
- Body subspace (The body space)
- Grasping Subspace (The space surrounding the body); associated with ventral visual field
- The Distal Subspace (Space through which the body moves); associated with dorsal and ventral visual field
What is authentic awareness?
The awareness of oneself as a continuous entity through time.
What is Topographic disorientation?
Faliture to
- recognize previously familiar landmarks
- failure to compute relationships between landmarks
- failure to guide spatial behavior
What is retrograded spatial amnesia?
loss of ability to navigate in environments that were familiar before brain injuries
people have trouble accessing memories from before the onset of amnesia
What is anterograde spatial amnesia?
While navigational abilities regarding familiar environments are retained, patients cannot navigate in novel environments.
What is egocentric disorientation?
Difficulty perceiving the relative location of objects with respect to the self.
Inability to perform mental rotations
Inability to judge distances b/w objects
Wither unilateral or bilateral injuries in the posterior parietal cortex.
What is heading disorientation?
inability to set a course to where an individual wants to go even though they’re able to recognize landmarks.
In short, patients have no sense of direction.
This condition has been associated with injury in the right posterior cingulate cortex.
What is landmark agnosia?
Inability to use prominent environmental features to orient oneself.
Locations like churches, houses etc. can be percieved but patients cannot use them to orient their movement.
Bilateral or solely confined to the right side of the medial aspect of the occipital lobe, including the lingual [infused] gyrus. As well as the parahippocampal gyrus.
What is Spatial Distortion Deficit?
The spatial perception distortion of seeing oneself as too small or too large relative to their special world.
Damage to the medial parietal lobe is associated with this deficit.
What is the Dorsal-Ventral Stream Theory?
A theory explaining spatial behavior using a dual-stream theory: A What pathway and a Where pathway.
Both pathways synthesize in the frontal lobe.
What is the Dorsal-Ventral Stream Theory?
A theory explaining spatial behavior using a dual-stream theory: A What pathway and a Where pathway.
Both pathways synthesize in the frontal lobe.
What is the What pathway?
Originated in the visual cortex, projects through the temporal lobes and identifies objects. Ventral Stream.
What is the Where pathway?
Pathway that projects through the temporal lobes and guides movement. Dorsal Stream
T/F
Damage to the occipital cortex results in many varied spatial impairments
False. Damage to the Parietal cortex.
What are the 8 different defects of visual exploration that result from bilateral parietal lesions?
- displaced visual attention
- inability to perceive more than one stimulus
- optic ataxia, (Deficit in reaching visual goals
- inability to follow a moving object
- motion blindness
- a defect in accommodating and converging vision
- an inability to maintain fixation
- gaze apraxia and abnormal visual search.
What is the Baliant’s Syndrome?
It is a rare and disabling condition usually seen with bilateral parietal lobe lesions.
It occurs most often with an acute onset as a consequence of two or more strokes at more or less the same place in each hemisphere
What are the symptoms of Bailant’s syndrome?
inability to perceive the visual field as a whole (simultanagnosia), difficulty in fixating the eyes (oculomotor apraxia), and inability to move the hand to a specific object by using vision (optic ataxia).
T/F
Attention is a right-lateralized function?
True
T/F
In real life, we always pay attention using a combination of both, top-down and bottom-up processing.
True
