Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

KHA452 > Week 12 - Aging: beliefs vs reality > Flashcards

Week 12 - Aging: beliefs vs reality Flashcards

1
Q

What are the causes of low life expectancy of indigenous Australians?

A

Access to healthcare in remote communities

Poverty

Hidden racism

Poor health and nutrition, preventable chronic conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes, chronic lower respiratory diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Compared to indigenous peers, stolen generations survivors have increased levels of…

A

Mental health disorders

Government assistance

Smoking

Physical harm

poverty

Early death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What happens if people do not have the opportunity to heal from past trauma?

A

they may unknowingly pass it on through unstable parenting practices, violence, harmful substance use etc.. (intergenerational trauma)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does intergenerational trauma effect children?

A

Difficulties with attachment, trust, self-worth, resilience, disconnection from their extended communities and high levels of stress and anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What disadvantaged australians have reduced life expectancy?

A

Culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds

Live in rural/remote areas

Homeless or at risk of becoming homeless

Identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or intersex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who are at risk of developing mental health disorders?

A

Older people are at a greater risk than younger people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why are older people at a greater risk of developing mental health disorders than young people?

A

increased likelihood of bereavement

Adjustment to physiological changes. lifestyle changes, loss of privacy, giving up driving/independence, leading to isolation

Major disability may alter person’s status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some barriers to mental health care in older people?

A

Lack of mental health services for old people

prioritising physical health over mental health

Poor mental health literacy

Stigma

Different symptoms of depression compared to young people

Assumptions that depression is a normal part of ageing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What can untreated mental ill health lead to for older people?

A

Poor wellbeing and quality of life

Deterioration in overall health

Increased hospital admissions

Earlier transition to residential aged care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How can we promote mental health so that we can create living conditions and environments that support wellbeing and allow people to lead a health life?

A

Adequate housing through supportive housing policy

Social support for older people and their caregivers

Health and social programmes targeted at vulnerable groups (those who live alone, rural populations who suffer from chronic mental or physical illness)

Programmes to prevent and deal with elder abuse

Community development programmes

Promote active and healthy ageing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How many people over the age of 75 live alone?

A

50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a comparable risk factor for early death to smoking 15 cigarettes a day?

A

Loneliness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Who is twice as likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease?

A

A lonely person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What increases with age?

A

Social reasoning

Life satisfaction

Body positivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What have cross-sectional studies found about older people’s personalities?

A

Older people are more altruistic

Older people are more trusting compared to younger people

Older people have lower levels of the dark triad of personality traits (machiavellianism, narcissism and psychopathy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a significant predictor of the frequency and intensity of psychological and somatic symptoms of menopause?

A

Neuroticism

17
Q

What has narcissism (subclinical) been associated with?

A

lower rates of loneliness

18
Q

What did a longitudinal study by Damian et al., 2019 find about how personality changes with age?

A

Self rated scales

50 years later

Better emotional regulation and less neuroticism as you age

19
Q

What personality traits change as we age?

A

Better emotional regulation and less neuroticism

Stability of moods and conscientiousness

interpersonal trust increases with age

less open and less extraverted

20
Q

Although personalities shift in a certain direction as we age….

A

What we are like relative to other people in the same age group tends to remain fairly stable

21
Q

What is alzheimers disease?

A

Generalised brain cell loss, especially in the cortex, plus extracellular plaques and intracellular tangles. It has a progressive unremitting course with widespread loss of function and abilities

22
Q

What is vascular dementia?

A

Vascular lesions cause focal damage in the brain with resultant focal neurological signs. Stepwise deterioration in cognitive and physical function. Often a history of cardiovascular pathology (eg. hypertension

23
Q

What is lewy body dementia?

A

symptoms include clouding of consciousness, paranoid delusions, visual and auditory hallucinations, falls, depressive symptoms

24
Q

What is the preclinical stage of cognitive decline?

A

Silent phase: brain changes without measurable symptoms

individual may notice changes, but not detectable on tests

“A stage where the patient knows, but the doctor doesnt”

25
Q

What is the MCI stage of cognitive decline?

A

Cognitive changes are of concern to individual and/or family

One or more cognitive domains impaired significantly

Preserved activities of daily living

26
Q

What can increase the risk of dementia?

A

Physical and mental inactivity

smoking

obesity

diabetes

hypertension

depression

27
Q

What percentage of dementia cases can be prevented by modifying risk factors?

A

40%

28
Q

How do older people benefit from working?

A

Have greater levels of wellbeing and increased longevity

29
Q

What exercises increases longevity?

A

HIIT increases mitochondria function

30
Q

What type of diet is the most recognised for disease prevention and healthy aging?

A

The mediterranean diet, possibly due to anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties

31
Q

What is the mediterranean diet associated with?

A

longer telomere length

32
Q

How many elderly men in Western societies report feeling isolated and lack social contacts?

A

20%

33
Q

How many elderly women in Western societies report feeling isolated and lack social contacts?

A

40%

34
Q

Telomere shortening can be considered a measure of…

A

Biological aging

35
Q

What are the quantitative aspects of social support?

A

Social interaction which is measured in terms of the quantity of friends and relatives as well as frequency of social interactions an individual reports

36
Q

What are the qualitative measures of social support?

A

Evaluating the quality of emotional (receiving love, acceptance and empathy)

or instrumental supports(practical help)

37
Q

What are potential mitigating mechanisms that cause social support to improve the quality of life and alleviate existing health conditions?

A

reduced pro-inflammatory processes and

Dampened hormonal responses

along with other changes in biophysiological mechanisms

KHA452 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions