Week 17 Drugs Flashcards by Theresa Lampe

Lithium

Anti-manic agent
(X) mania of bipolar, aggression 
(-) fatigue, tremor, GI, ataxia
(O) ^ Na+ excretion= ^^ Li
-- thiazide diruetics, ACEinhib, Angiotensin II-R blockers) 
(O) pregnancy?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Carbamazepine

Anti-Seizure/Anti-manic
---/Na channels in CNS
(X) mania of bipolar
(-) sedation, confusion, ataxia 
(O) pregnancy> spina bifida

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Divalproex

“Valproic Acid”

Anti-Seizure /Anti-manic
#1 line for bipolar
–/ repetitive neuronal firing (–/T type Ca++ channels, ^^GABA)
(X) mania of bipolar
(-) GI, weight gain, hair loss, heptatotoxicity
(O) prenancy> spina bifida

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Buspirone

Anxio-lytic
–>+5HT.1A–/ AC and ^^ K+ flow
(X) GAD (1-2 week onset)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Diazepam

Hypnotic, Anxiolytic -BDZ
—>+GABA (quick,LONG duration)
(X) anti-anxiety, sedative/insomnia, muscle spasm
(-) CNS depression, dependence

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Alprazolam

Anti-anxiety-BDZ
-->+GABA (short duration)
(X) anti- anxiety, anti-panic
(-) forebrain depression 
dependence

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Zolpidem

Hypnotic -NON- BDZ
bind BDZ-R--> GABA (LONG duration)
(X) insomnia
(-) daytime sedation, tolerance
(+) preserve stage 3,4 and most REM

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Flurazepam

Hypnotic-BDZ
—> GABA (rapid onset, long duration)
(X) insomnia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Lorazepam

Hypnotic, Anxiolytic-BDZ
Slower onset, LONGER duration
(X) antianxiety, insomnia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Chloral Hydrate

Hypnotic
~ to barbiturate GABA.A Cl channel–>+ ^GABA signaling
(X) insomnia
(+) less effect on sleep stages

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pentobarbital

Hypnotic -Barbiturate

(X) insomnia, induction of anesthesia, anti-convulsant

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Baclofen

Muscle Relaxant
GABAmimetic–>GABA.B-R= presynaptic inhibition
(X) muscle spasm
(-/+) less sedation than diazepam

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Tizanidine

Muscle Relaxant
alpha-2 adrenergic agonist: enhance pre and postsynaptic inhibition
(X) muscle spasm
(-) sedation, hypotension, dry mouth, weakness
(O) CYP1A2 inhibitors

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Flumazenil

BZD-R Antagonist

(X) toxicity of BZD’s

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Chloro-diazepoxide

BZD- “tapper off”
(X) alcohol withdrawal
prevent seizure, delirium, arrhythmia
(Diazepam too!)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

naltrexone

mu-Opioid-R Antagonist
(X) tx of alcoholism - reduce craving
- pair with psychotherapy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Acamprosate

GABA.A-R Activator
(X) Tx of alcoholism- reduce drinking frequency
- normalize dysregulation of excitatory NT
(-) diarrhea

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Disulfiram

Study These Flashcards

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibitor
(X) tx of alcoholism via inducing acetaldehyde syndrome
(-) requires ^^^will-power

Caffeine

Study These Flashcards

CNS stimulant - Methylxanthine
–competitive antagonist of adenosine-R
(X) stay awake, ^ alertness, reduce fatigue, headache (cerebral constrict)
(-) nervousness, restlessness, tremor, *convulsions
(-) physical dependence

Cocaine

Study These Flashcards

CNS stimulant- weak base
–/ reuptake of NE, DA, 5HT
(X) nasal surgery, local vasoconstrict anesthetic
(-) neurotoxicologic effect: damage DA neurons
(-) seizures with overdose
(O) teratogenic

Amphetamine

Study These Flashcards

Amphetamine-like drugs
weak base
1. ^ release of NE, DA, 5HT
2. inhibit reuptake
3. –/MAO
4. partial agonist of alpha-adrenergic-R
(X) alertness, speed, ^ performance, reduce appetite, resp stimulation
(X) narcolepsy
(X) ADHD
(-) insomnia, abdn pain, anorexia/weight loss, suppression of growth, fever, convusions

Methamphetamine

Study These Flashcards

Amphetamine-like drugs
DRUG OF ABUSE
^^ CNS effect and bioavailability
(X) meth mouth: severe tooth decay; dry mouth, poor hygiene, ^ sugared drink, teeth clenching

Methylphenidate

Study These Flashcards

Amphetamine-like drugs
^ NE in reticular activating system (RAS) - direct attn
(X) ADHD

Nicotine

Study These Flashcards

CNS stimulant- Tobacco
HIGHEST abuse potential
agonist of nicotninic cholinergic-R (SNS–> ^ Epi/ PNS–> GI motility, nausea)
(-) dependency: DA in na
-tachyphylaxis- tolerance over short period of time

Buproprion

(X) tx of nicotine dependence --enhance NE and DA signaling (-) dry mouth, insomnia (+) reduce craving and withdrawal

Varenicline

(X) tx of nicotine dependence -partial agonist of CNS nicotinic-R (-) nausea, headache, insomnia, constipation, depression and suicidal thoughts (+) activates NACh-R alone, reduces response to actual N

B-Endorphin Dynorphin Enkephalin

B-Endorphin>> Mu-R Dynorphin>> Kappa-R Enkephalin>> Delta-R

Morphine

Opioid Agonist-Mu R Inject>Oral- low potency orally (X)4-5hr analgesia (-)

Fentanyl

Opioid Agonist-Mu R 100x more potent than morphine Inject, transdermal (X) short acting 1-1.5hr analgesia, conscious sedation or anesthesia for procedures

Methadone

Opioid Agonist-Mu R ~ morphine, good oral F longer analgesia>morph (X) tx opioid abuse, chronic pain

Meperidine

Opioid Agonist (X) shorter duration analgesic (-) toxic metabolite (normeperidine) (O)MAOI intxn

Heroin

Opioid Agonist *converted to active >morphine* MORE lipophilic (X) HIGH abyue potential

Codeine

Opioid Agonist~ oxycodone xNO morphine-like analgesia (X) mild/mod pain +aspirin or acetaminophen

Oxycodone

Opioid Agonist ~ codeine (X) mod/severe pain (/) abuse of sustained release

Hydrocodone

Opioid Agonist (X) mod/severe pain +NSAID or acetaminophen

Hydromorphone

Opioid Agonist | 2-3x potent> morphine

Nalbuphine

``` mixed action opioid agonist/ant Mu-ant, kappa-ag ~morphine injection (X) precipitate withdrawal of opioid-dependence ```

Buprenorphine

``` Mixed action opioid agonist/ant partial Mu-ag 25-50x potent>morphine (X) mod,severe pain transdermal patch (X)+ naloxone= suboxone, tx of opioid dependence ```

Naloxone

``` Opioid Mu-R antagonist parenteral>oral (X) treat opioid overdose (X)+ buprenorphine=suboxone: tx of opioid abuse short t 1/2 ```

Naltrexone

Opioid Antagonist (X) tx of opioid abuse oral long t 1/2

Tramadol

weak Opioid Mu-R agonist ---/ NE and 5HT reuptake (X) mild/mod pain

Dextromethorphan

(X) Anti-tussive | -NMDA-R antagonist

Suboxone

Opioid antagonist/mixed = buprenorphine (mixed)+ naloxone (mu-ant) (X) tx of opioid abuse

Week 17 Drugs Flashcards

(43 cards)