Week 2 Flashcards

(69 cards)

1
Q

Vmax depends on [?]

A

[E]

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2
Q

What is Km?

A

Km = [S] that gives 1/2Vmax

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3
Q

Km is ___ related to binding affinity.

A

inversely

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4
Q

Kcat (is or isn’t) dependent on the [E].

A

isn’t

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5
Q

PCR can detect mutations such as:

A

small insertions (incl. trinucleotide repeat expansions), deletions

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6
Q

This method can detect point mutations that remove or create a restriction site

A

PCR-RFLP

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7
Q

ARMS-PCR can ONLY detect

A

point mutations

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8
Q

ASO can detect

A

small insertions, small deletions, point mutations

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9
Q

This method can detect insertions, deletions and point mutations that remove or create a restriction site, trinucleotide repeat expansions

A

Southern Blotting

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10
Q

This method is frequently used in identifying triplet repeat expansions

A

Southern Blotting

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11
Q

Sanger sequencing can detect

A

deletions, insertions, duplications, and point mutations

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12
Q

This is the only method that can pick up on ALL mutations in a given region

A

sanger; good for discovering novel mutations

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13
Q

Define caudal

A

of, at or near the tail or hind parts, posterior

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14
Q

Define Cephalad

A

towards the head or the anterior part

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15
Q

-tomy

A

cutting into or incision (arthrotomy - cut into a joint)

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16
Q

-stomy

A

surgically created opening (colostomy)

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17
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair (arthroplasty - surgical reconstruction or repair of a join)

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18
Q

-algia

A

pain (metatarsalgia - pain under the metatarsal heads)

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18
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition (dermatosis - abnormal condition of the skin)

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18
Q

-malacia

A

abnormal softening (cardiomalacia - softening of the heart tissue)

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19
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement (oranomegaly - enlargement of the organs)

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20
Q

sagittal plane

A

left and right (think of side view, both side and sagittal start with “S”)

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21
Q

transverse plane

A

top and bottom portions

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22
Q

movement occurring at a point in time

A

-tion (pronation), -xion (dorsiflexion), -sion (inversion), -ing (inverting)

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23
position of a structure
-ed (flexed)
24
fixed in a particular position
-us
25
translation movement
movement from one position to another in the transverse plane
26
opposition
bringing two objects together (bringing the thumb and index finger together)
27
supination (in the foot)
plantarflexion, adduction, inversion (ballerina touching the SoUP with her big toe)
28
pronation (in the foot)
dorsiflexion, abduction, eversion
29
How many movements in pivot joint?
uniaxial
30
How many movements in ball and socket joint?
multiaxial
31
How many movements in condyloid joint?
biaxial
32
What is an example of condyloid joint?
knuckles
33
How many movements in saddle joint?
biaxial (thumb)
34
How many movements in hinge joint?
uniaxial
35
How many movements in plane joint?
uniaxial
36
This muscle shape is feather-like.
pennate
37
This muscle shape is spindle shaped
fusiform (biceps brachii m.)
38
Leg muscles anterior group
Tibialis anterior, Extensor hallucis longus, Extensor digitorum longus, Peroneus tertius Three Eyes Examine Points (TEEP)
39
Leg posterior superficial muscles
Gastrocnemius, soleus
40
Leg posterior deep muscles
Tibialis posterior, Flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus
41
Lateral muscle group of leg
Peroneus brevis (PB), Peroneus longus (PL)
42
First plantar layer of the foot
Abductor hallucis, Flexor digitorum brevis, abductor digiti minimi
43
Second plantar layer of the foot
Quadratus plantae, Lumbricals (there are 4)
44
Third plantar layer of the foot
Flexor hallucis brevis, Adductor hallucis, Flexor digiti minimi brevis
45
Fourth plantar layer of the foot
Plantar Interossei (there are 3)
46
Macule
a flat lesion represented only by a color change on the skin (you cannot feel the border with your finger)
47
Papule
a solid raised lesion with distinct borders
48
Plaque
a solid, raised, flat-topped lesion
49
Vesicle
a raised lesion (often filled with clear fluid) <1cm
50
Bullae
circumscribed (outline is obvious) fluid-filled lesion >1 cm
51
Pustule
circumscribed, elevated pus filled
52
Wheal
edema or swelling
53
Burrow
linear lesion that is produced by infestation of skin
54
Telangiectasia
spider vein
55
Excoriation
broken area of skin due to scratching
56
Lichenification
thickening of the epidermis
57
Eschar
hard plaque covering an ulcer or wound (may look like charcoal)
58
Petechiae
small, bleeding lesions that do not blanch with pressure
59
Purpura
large hemorrhagic areas of bleed
60
primary radiation
the radiation emitted from the X-ray tube
61
Scatter radiation
radiation that enters a patient and is deflected from its initial course but may still contact and expose the x-ray film
62
What are the 3 basic amino acids?
Lysine (Lys, K), Histidine (His, H), Arginine (Arg, R)
63
A nucleosome contains
core octamer subunit, histones (H1, H2A, H2B, H3, H4), basic/positive charged amino acid residues (K, H, R)
64
Adding an acetyl group (acetylation) to a histone will
weaken the DNA-Histone interaction. the acetyl group will neutralize the positive charge of the lysine making the bond to negatively charged DNA weaker
65
Cytosine methylation
adding a methyl group to cytosine which is a permanent process. this silences the gene
66
Which subunit of eukaryotic DNA polymerase is the activity hub (has primase activity)
alpha
67
Which subunit of eukaryotic DNA polymerase is the proofreader?
delta