Week 2

Question 1

Cerebrum

Answer 1

composes 80% of brain
composed of 2 cerebral hemispheres

Question 2

4 regions of cerebrum

Answer 2

Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe

Question 3

cerebral cortex & two primary cell types

Answer 3

where higher-level processing occurs
Granule cells
Pyramidal cells

Question 4

Granule cells

Answer 4

Interconnects regions within the cortex

Question 5

Pyramidal

Answer 5

Connects the cortex to other areas of brain and spinal cord

Question 6

Association fibers

Answer 6

interconnect parts of the same hemisphere
associate with the same side

Question 7

commissural fibres

Answer 7

Connect L and R AKA Corpus collosum

Question 8

projection fibers

Answer 8

projects to other areas -> brainstem, spinal cord

Question 9

Internal capsule

Answer 9

contains projection fibers from many areas

Question 10

frontal lobe’s 2 major functions

Answer 10

motor -> voluntary movements
thinking/planning

Question 11

How does the brain control the body?

Answer 11

Right hemisphere controls left side of body
Left hemisphere controls right side of body

Question 12

Homunculus

Answer 12

number of motor neurons for different muscles in body

Question 13

Fine motor areas have….

Answer 13

Most neurons (hands, mouth, tongue)

Question 14

Frontal lobe

Answer 14

Movement

Question 15

supplementary motor area

Answer 15

plans the movement
stores how to do motor activities (riding bike)

Question 16

Apraxia

Answer 16

planning deficit

Question 17

Broca’s area

Answer 17

motor part of speech

Question 18

aphasia

Answer 18

language disorder
located on left part of brain

Question 19

expressive aphasia

Answer 19

can’t say what they want to say, but know what to say

Question 20

prefrontal cortex is in charge of

Answer 20

thinking
planning
organizing

Question 21

Orbitofrontal cortex

Answer 21

regulates emotions/impulses

Question 22

prefrontal syndrome

Answer 22

loss of regulation
more impulsive

Question 23

Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Answer 23

General intelligence

Question 24

General intelligence - what is it?

Answer 24

ability to take what someone’s saying and you are working through it
analytical thinking

Question 25

ventromedial prefrontal cortex

Answer 25

connects thoughts to emotions can choose to regulate part of the limbic system

Question 26

injuries to ventromedial frontal cortex

Answer 26

may show apathy and have flat affect

Question 27

Flat affect

Answer 27

no emotional response

Question 28

parietal lobe

Answer 28

sensation perception

Question 29

sensation and perception

Answer 29

signal and making sense of signal

Question 30

major functional regions of parietal lobe

Answer 30

primary somatosensory cortex somatosensory association area (stereognosis)

Question 31

Primary somatosensory cortex

Answer 31

where you feel something

Question 32

somatosensory association area

Answer 32

making sense of feeling

Question 33

what does adding "association" to a term mean

Answer 33

making sense of whatever it is

Question 34

somatosensory cortex

Answer 34

hands/face/tongue most sensory neurons b/c we use them to explore the environment

Question 35

sensory homunculus

Answer 35

how we explore our environment

Question 36

stereognosis

Answer 36

recognize by touch

Question 37

astereognosis

Answer 37

cannot recognize by touch

Question 38

unilateral neglect

Answer 38

sensation neglect motor neglect

Question 39

Sensation neglect - where is it?

Answer 39

back of brain

Question 40

motor neglect - where is it?

Answer 40

front of brain

Question 41

parieto-temporal association cortex

Answer 41

abstract thought posterior and inferior regions of parietal lobe

Question 42

occipital lobe

Answer 42

vision

Question 43

primary visual cortex controls...

Answer 43

always controls opposite side sight

Question 44

primary visual association cortex

Answer 44

what I am seeing

Question 45

hemianopsia

Answer 45

loss of visual field L or R damage to one side of visual cortex

Question 46

cortical blindness

Answer 46

whole visual field is dark damage to both sides of cortex

Question 47

visual agnosia

Answer 47

can see it, but can't make sense of what it is damage to association area of brain

Question 48

primary auditory cortex

Answer 48

hearing

Question 49

auditory association cortex

Answer 49

what it means what it is

Question 50

inferotemporal cortex

Answer 50

recognizing faces, objects, colours bottom of temporal lobe

Question 51

Wernicke's area

Answer 51

understanding language receptive

Question 52

prosopagnosia

Answer 52

damage to inferotemporal cortex can't recognize people by their faces even if they know them

Question 53

Limbic system

Answer 53

olfactory cortex amygdala hippocampus

Question 54

Olfactory cortex

Answer 54

perception of smell

Question 55

Amygdala

Answer 55

involved with emotions (fear and anger) accounts for increased HR BR BP when scared or mad

Question 56

Hippocampus

Answer 56

Memory (long term) can make new neurons stress makes it worse exercise makes it better (brings blood to brain)

Question 57

Amnesia

Answer 57

can't remember anterograde retrograde

Question 58

Anterograde amnesia

Answer 58

can't remember anything now

Question 59

Retrograde amnesia

Answer 59

can't remember anything from before the accident can make new memories

Question 60

diencephalon - composed of 4 parts

Answer 60

thalamus hypothalamus epithalamus subthalamus

Question 61

Thalamus

Answer 61

largest portion of diencephalon sensory information, emotional responses through brain