Week 2- Flashcards
(14 cards)
Which of the following statements is true regarding ARBs and hypertension?
a. They inhibit the effects of aldosterone
b. They shrink fluid volume by inhibiting sodium absorption from the loop of Henle
c.They can cause a dry cough
d. They block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
a. They inhibit the effects of aldosterone
Coronary steal is the result of which of the following?
a. The diversion of blood flow away from ischemic areas of the heart
b. The constriction of peripheral veins
c. The dilation of coronary arteries
d. The dilation of peripheral veins
a. The diversion of blood flow away from ischemic areas of the heart
Which of the following statements best describes how nitrates impact the heart’s preload?
a.Double the preload thereby improving cardiac output
b.Reduce the preload by dilating blood vessels
c.Increase the preload by constricting blood vessels
d.Reduce the preload by increasing kidney diuresis
b.Reduce the preload by dilating blood vessels
Which of the following parameters affect cardiac output?
a. Stroke volume and peripheral vascular resistance
b. Heart rate and stroke volume
c. Heart rate and peripheral vascular resistance
d. Peripheral vascular resistance and systemic vascular resistance
b. Heart rate and stroke volume
Which of the following is a common adverse effect of nitroglycerin?
a. Dry mouth
b. Hypertension
c. Tongue ulcers
d. Headache
d. Headache
How do ACE inhibitors, ARBS, and ARNIs work to decrease blood pressure?
a. Reduce the breakdown of bradykinin
b. Prevent the formation of angiotensin II
c. Reduce the effects of angiotensin II
d. Bind to the AT receptor
c. Reduce the effects of angiotensin II
Patients who are receiving lipid-lowering drugs need to be closely monitored for the development of which of the following adverse effects?
a. Liver dysfunction
b. Pulmonary problems
c. Vitamin C deficiency
d. Photosensitivity
a. Liver dysfunction
Which of the following adverse effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors may be minimized by switching to an angiotensin receptor blocking agent?
a. Hypokalemia
b. Orthostatic hypotension
c. Fatigue
d. A dry, non-productive cough
d. A dry, non-productive cough
Digoxin has a positive inotropic effect, which means it does which of the following?
a. Increases heart rate
b. Decreases heart rate
c. Increases force of contraction
d. Decreases conduction
c. Increases force of contraction
Which of the following instructions would be given to the patient to prevent nitroglycerin tolerance development?
a. Follow the recommended rotation of sites
b. Remove the patch for 10-12 hours a day as directed by the physician
c. Apply the nitroglycerin patch every other day
d. Use the nitroglycerin patch for acute episodes of angina only
b. Remove the patch for 10-12 hours a day as directed by the physician
Nitrates treat angina by which of the following mechanisms?
a. By dilating peripheral arteries more than coronary arteries
b. By dilating coronary arteries more than peripheral veins
c. By dilating peripheral arteries more than peripheral veins
d. By dilating coronary arteries more than peripheral arteries
d. By dilating coronary arteries more than peripheral arteries
A patient should be monitored for myopathy (muscle pain) when taking which class of lipid-lowering drugs?
a. Fibric acid derivatives
b. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
c. Bile acid sequestrants
d. Niacin
b. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
A patient has developed tolerance to transdermal nitroglycerin therapy. What is the best action for the patient?
a. Leave the patch on for 2 days at a time
b. Cut the patch in half for 1 week until the tolerance subsides
c. Omit one dose once a week
d. Remove the patch at bedtime, and then apply a new one in the morning
d. Remove the patch at bedtime, and then apply a new one in the morning
Ezetimibe is a lipid-lowering drug that works by which of the following mechanisms?
a. By inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase
b. By preventing resorption of bile acids from the small intestines
c. By inhibiting cholesterol absorption in the small intestine
d. By activating lipase, which breaks down cholesterol
c. By inhibiting cholesterol absorption in the small intestine
