Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is an ethical dilemma?

A

a problem without a satisfactory solution; very different ethical choices for the same dilemma can result in a neither right nor wrong decision

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2
Q

What do ethics involve?

A
  • doing ‘good’ and causing no harm
  • the individual nurse’s experiences, beliefs and values will shape their view on ethics
  • CNO etc gives nurses the tools to base ethical decision on
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3
Q

Is the practice of nursing a right or a privilege according to provincial, territorial and federal law?

A

PRIVILEGE according to provincial, territorial and federal law

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4
Q

In order to provide safe, and competent care what do nurses need to do?

A
  • Have knowledge of the law, nursing ethics & standards of practice to serve as a framework
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5
Q

What are students responsible for?

A

Understanding the mental health act for public health and safety and the care of those unable to care for themselves

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6
Q

What are best practices determined by?

A

standards of practice, standards of care, policies & procedures and cultural knowledge about diversity

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7
Q

What should nurses consider in mental health nursing?

A
  • ethical and legal responsibilities; these areas are distinct yet they overlap
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8
Q

_______ _____ is a fundamental part of every nursing action.

A

Nursing ethics

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9
Q

Define nursing ethics.

A

an expression of the valuesand beliefs that guide nursing practice; not just theoretical

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10
Q

Legislation is the foundation of …

A

LEGAL OBLIGATION and used within society to meet objective and consolidate values

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11
Q

What is mental health legislation designed for?

A

to protect, promote and improve the lives and mental well-being of citizens; acknowledges MH values and protects individuals rights

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12
Q

True or False.

Legislation is the same from country to country and province to province.

A

False.

varies

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13
Q

Federal or provincial?

Mental health act

A

provincial

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14
Q

Federal or provincial?
Canada health act
Canadian employment equity act

A

federal

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15
Q

What are some examples of social safety nets?

A

welfare, benefits (Ontario), disability, guardianship, employment, housing and involuntary admission and RX of individuals with MH disorders.

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16
Q

Define ethics.

A

expression of values that guide practice

17
Q

Define relational ethics.

A

theory of the core elements of mutual respect, engagement, embodied knowledge, interdependent environment, and uncertainty within relationships,

18
Q

Define Deontology.

A

System of ethics with the central concepts of reason and duty

19
Q

Define Bioethics.

A

used in relation to ethical dilemmas surrounding health care.

20
Q

What are the 6 principles of bioethics?

A
  1. AUTONOMY (respecting the rights of others to make their own decisions)
  2. NONMALEFICENCE (doing no wrong to a patient)
  3. BENEFICENCE (the duty to promote good
  4. JUSTICE (the duty to distribute resources or care equally)
  5. PRINCIPLES OF IMPOSSIBILITY (that rights or obligations that cannot be met in the circumstances are no longer obligatinos
  6. FIDELITY (mainting loyalty and commitment)
21
Q

What is the relational ethics approach?

A
  • is action-based & depends on context to inspire responsibility to cause action
  • dynamic process involving: mutual respect, engagement, embodied knowledge, interdependent environment and uncertainty and vulnerability
22
Q

What is the domain of international/national rights?

A

international human rights and declarations and the protection of these covenants

23
Q

Where are the distinctions between provincial and territorial legislation?

A

Distinctions exist with regard to involuntary admission criteria, the right to refuse treatment, and who has the authority to authorize treatment.

24
Q

Why is there legislation to protect people with mental health challenges?

A

People with a MH problem are vulnerable to abuse and violation of their rights.

25
Q

Historically how were the mentally ill cared for?

A

Legislation in Canada was to protect people from those considered to be deranged or dangerous. Individuals were isolated & subject to long-term custodial care particularly if they were considered dangerous. It is under this custodial care where human rights were also violated.

26
Q

What are the 10 basic principles of mental health law?

A
  • PROMOTION of MH and the PREVENTION of mental disorders
  • ACCESS to basic mental care
  • MH ASSESSMENT IN ACCORDANCE with internationally accepted principles
  • LEAST RESTRICTIVE type of mental health care
  • SELF-DETERMINATION
  • Right to be ASSISTED in the exercise of SELF DETERMINATION
  • AVAILABILITY OF REVIEW PROCEDURE
  • AUTOMATIC PERIODIC REVIEW
  • QUALIFIED DECISION MAKER
  • RESPECT for the rule of LAW
27
Q

Where do most mental health laws differ from province to province?

A
  • Criteria for involuntary admission
  • Right to refuse treatment
  • Who has the authority to authorize treatment
28
Q

What does Mental Health Act (ON) deal with?

A
  • Guidelines for ADMITTING a person to a psychiatric facility as a voluntary or involuntary patient
  • The RIGHTS of patients in psychiatric facilities
  • GUIDELINES for issuing, renewing or terminating CTO
  • How & when CTO may be issued, renewed or terminated
29
Q

How are changes made to the MHA?

A

Brought into compliance with the Charter of Rights and Freedoms in 1986;

30
Q

What are some changes that have occurred in the MHA?

A
  • An amendment regarding substitute decision making and treatment was made in June 1987.
  • Three new companion laws (Consent to Treatment Act, Substitute Decisions Act, and the Advocacy Act) were passed in December 1992 becoming law in 1995. These have all since been amended.
  • The Health Care Consent Act updated the Consent to Treatment Act in 1996.
  • Brian’s law BILL 68 amended the MHA & Health care Consent Act
31
Q

Can a Voluntary Patient Become Involuntary?

A

Yes. If the criteria are met and the attending physician signs a certificate of involuntary admission.

32
Q

What constitutes a voluntary admission?

A

a voluntary patient is a person who feels that they need help with the problems they are experiencing and voluntarily enter hospital for intensive treatment; can leave at any time

33
Q

Slide 23

A

Slide 23