Week 2 Flashcards
(35 cards)
What forms can political units take?
Tribe Village City state League Federation Empires States
When do political units form a system?
“For states to form a system, each much recognise the same claims to independence by all others.” - Adam Watson, the evolution of international society.
Relations that can occur between different units in a system?
Independent States Hegemony Suzerainty Dominion Empire
Definition hegemony.
A geopoltical method of indirect imperial dominance. ie the hegemon rules over their subordinate states.
Definition of suzerainty.
Powerful region or people control the foreign policy of a subsidiary country. Ie Britain and colonial India.
Definition of Dominion.
The territory of a sovereign or government in which supreme authority is exercised over. May also be the power itself.
Definition of Empire.
An extensive group of states or countries ruled over by a single monarch - an oligarchy or state.
Peloponnesian war patterns.
- Perpetual competition for hegemony.
- One states using the class composition for its own purposes. (war by proxy)
- Strategic alliance building
- One actor trying to mediate the system from the outside.
- Power balancing
What happened to Europe after the fall of Rome?
Europe changed from a republic to an empire
Rome converted to Christianity
Colonisation of Western Europe in the first century
Rise of the Holy Church
Revival of Rome in the coronation of Charlemagne
The emergence of two new empires being Britain and Spain
Who was the emerging leader of Spain after the fall of Rome?
Umayyad yolk of spain.
What patterns can we observe in the early modern period?
- New empires emerge from the ashes of old (the breakup of Rome into the East and West.)
- Power structures that cut across Europe (dynastic ties and the church.)
- Extreme political instability
- Power balancing
- Competition for ultimate power between the church and the state
- ## Revival of Roman law to mediate claims to power
Who is an example of an early actor that increased the power of the church?
Charlemagne - King of the Franks and the Holy Roman Empire (768-814AD)
How did the Christian church influence early modern Europe?
- Dynastic ties and composite states (kingdom by kingdom annexation)
- Church and state not being separate gave them power (Kings being absolute and being divinely ordained)
- Feudal order
- ## Idea of permanence that social order was propagated by the church.
How does the Roman Law influence IR?
- Formed the basis of International law
- Thoughts of the humanists of the early modern period.
What is modernity?
- Historical period marked by a mode of social organisation that saw the emergence of certain political norms.
What were the norms that emerged from the modernity period?
- Equality among men
- Rules of law
- Sovereignty of states
- Separation of shit (church state etc).
What is the ideal typical modern state?
- Democratic
- Bureaucratic
- Limited territory
- Legitimate monopoly of internal and external force
- Independence
What is a republic?
- Government which excludes Monarch
- Representative government which exercises the rule of law.
- Not always fully democratic but possesses a constitution.
Themes that emerged from the discovery of America?
- English not giving a fuck about previous rule and implementing their own dominion.
- Colonisation by racial divide, use of the roman law to justify land separation, church superiority, slavery and use of the just war doctrine.
What is the just war doctrine?
- Doctrine of the Catholic Church
- Moral justification of war by saying that war is not always a bad thing. That war is sometimes needed to fulfil the word of the lord.
What is the reformation?
- Church and state power instigated by Charlemagne.
- ## Martin Luther 1517 said “this is the shit” then basically made a heap of wars. In addition it brought up Protestantism.
Who were the main actors in the 30 years war?
- Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand the Second of Bohemia
- The protestants
- France
- Hapsburg
What were the years?
1618 - 1648 AD
What happened in the 30 years war?
- Emperor fucked over religious freedoms of subjects.
- Protestants had no chill mad a.f.
- Shit went down with major actors (France, Hapsburg) and they fought.
