Week 4 Flashcards
(53 cards)
What beliefs did states foster in citizens during the onset of World War 1?
Patriotism and Nationalism
Which four empires did world war 1 help to end?
Russian, German, Austro-Hungarian and the Ottoman
How many citizens and soldiers lost their lives?
9.7m soldiers and 6.8m citizens
Name the allied powers that made up the Triple Entente, their heads of state and government type in 1914.
Britain - King George V - Constitutional Monarchy
France - Pres. Raymond Poincaire - Parliamentary Monarchy
Russia - Tsar Nicholas II - Monarchy
Name the central powers that made up the Triple Alliance, their heads of state and government type in 1914.
Germany - Kaiser Wilhelm - Constitutional Monarchy
AustriaHungary - Kaiser Franz Joseph - Constitutional Monarchy
Italy - King Victor Emmanuel III - Constitutional Monarchy
Name the major actors in the individual level explanation of the cause of WW1.
Kaiser Wilhelm II’s attitude and behaviour in IR
Franz Ferdinand’s death
Gavrilo Princip’s crime of murder
Name the state/unit level explanations of WW1.
- Aggressive militarising states
- Nationalism
- Domestic policy
- German realpolitik
- Germany’s unification and growth
Name the system/global level explanations of WW1.
- Changing distribution of European power
- Shifting alliances
- Relative peace but diplomatic challenges in the previous decades
- Technological changes
Explain, using dates, locations and actors, the death of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
Date - 28 June 1914
Location - Sarajevo
Actors - Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Gavrilo Princip
In what year was the Armenian genocide?
1915
What happened in the Armenian genocide?
- Part of Ottoman Empire’s attempts to purge non-Muslim populations from their territory.
What were the dates of the Battle of Verdun?
Feb 21 - Dec 16, 1916
What was the agreement that defined the spheres of influence for Britain and France in the middle east?
The Skyes-Picot agreement
What did the The Skyes-Picot agreement entail?
- Division of previously agreed territory in the middle east.
- Ottoman Empire partially dismantled
- Negated promises made by TE Lawrence
What and when was the Balfour Declaration?
- A letter from UK Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour to Baron Rothschild for forwarding to British Zionist groups.
- Ie Britain declared that Palestine was for the Jews.
- 1917
What and when was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
- Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was between Russia
and Central Powers (Germany, AustriaHungary, Bulgaria, Turkey). - It ended Russia’s involvement in WWI by sacrificing Russian claims to parts of Eastern Europe.
- Signified that Russia cared more about domestic than international affairs.
- 1918
What was Pres. Woodrow Wilson’s contribution to the end of WW1?
- Outline of the “14 points” for the US entering of WW1.
- The 14th point was for “a general association of nations.”
When did the “guns fall quiet”?
- November 1918 after the Kaiser on the 9th abdicated which lead to the general armistice on the 11th.
What was the date of the Treaty of Versailles?
- 28th June 1919
What did the French and the British want from the Treaty of Versailles?
- French and British populations wanted a hard settlement including reparations and admission of war guilt.
What were the outcomes of the Treaty of Versailles?
- Germany, Austria and Turkey lost all of their colonies.
- German army limited to 100,000 people.
- Austria-Hungary was broken up into six countries.
- Creation of Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia
What is the general academic consensus of the situation as at the end of WW1?
- Current consensus is that the peace failed to address longterm
problems of European security and created new grievances.
What and when was the Interwar Period?
- 1919-1939
- A time of hopes that were dashed
- Defined by protectionism, autarky and appeasement
What is Autarky?
- “Economic self-sufficiency, often associated with expansionism and conquest to ensure the control of economic resources and reduce economic dependency on other states,” (Heywood 2012: 34).
