Week 2 Packet Flashcards
(112 cards)
1
Q
Criteria 1 for naming muscles (ex: refute, oblique, orbicularis)
A
Direction of muscle fibers relative to longitudinal axis of muscle
2
Q
Fibers oriented straight with respect to longitudinal axis
A
Rectus
3
Q
Fibers run at an angle to the longitudinal axis
A
Oblique
4
Q
Fibers run in a circular path
A
Orbicularis
5
Q
Criteria 2 for naming muscles (examples major, minor, Maximus, minimus, longus, brevis)
A
Relative size
6
Q
Big muscle
A
Major
7
Q
Small muscle
A
Minor
8
Q
Biggest muscle
A
Maximus
9
Q
Middle sized muscle
A
Intermedius
10
Q
Smallest muscle
A
Minimus
11
Q
Longest muscle
A
Longus
12
Q
Shortest muscle
A
Brevis
13
Q
Criteria 3 for naming muscles (examples pectoralis major and rectus femoris)
A
Location
14
Q
Criteria 4 for naming muscles (example brachioradialis attaches to humerus and the radius)
A
Location of the origin and insertion
15
Q
Criteria 5 for naming muscles (example biceps and triceps)
A
Number of origins
16
Q
Two heads
A
Biceps
17
Q
Three heads
A
Triceps
18
Q
Criteria 6 for naming muscles (examples deltoid and trapezius)
A
Shape of muscle
19
Q
Triangular in shape
A
Deltoid
20
Q
Shaped like a trapezium or kite
A
Trapezius
21
Q
Criteria 7 for naming muscles (examples abduction and adduction)
A
Action
22
Q
Flexes a muscle
A
Flexor
23
Q
Extends a muscle
A
Extensor
24
Q
Bring a muscle inwards
A
Adduction
25
Brings a muscle outwards
Abduction
26
Where muscle attaches at fixed end
Origin
27
Where muscle attaches at movable end
Insertion
28
Parallel bundle of fibers (what skeletal muscles are made up of)
Fascicles
29
Muscles also known as sphincters
Circular muscle
30
Widespread expansion over a sizable area and the fascicles come to a single, common attachment point
Convergent muscle
31
Blend into a tendon that runs through the central region of the muscle for its whole length, somewhat like the quill of a feather
Pennate muscle
32
Fascicles located on one side of the tendon
Unipennate
33
Have fascicles that insert on multiple tendons tapering toward a common tendon
Multipennate
34
Muscle that has fascicles that are spindle-shaped to create large bellies
Fusiform
35
Fascicles that extend in the same direction as the long axis of the muscle
Parallel
36
Consists of bones along the long axis of the body including skull, vertebral column, bony thorax (rib cage), auditory ossicles, and the hyoid
Axial skeleton
37
Consists of shoulder girdle, upper extremities, pelvic girdle, and lower extremities
Appendicular skeleton
38
Bone that is longer than it is wide
Long bone
39
Bone that is (usually) as long as it is wide
Short bone
40
Bone type that is represented by the sternum
Flat bone
41
Bones that do not fit into any of the 3 categories
Irregular bone
42
Large, rounded projection, may be roughened
Tuberosity
43
Narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent
crest
44
Very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process (only examples are on the femur)
Trochanter
45
Narrow ridge of bone; less prominent than a crest
Line
46
Small, rounded projection or process
Tubercle
47
Raised area on or above a condyle
Epicondyle
48
Sharp, slender, often pointed projection
Spine
49
Any bony prominence
Process
50
Bony expansion carried on a narrow neck
Head
51
Smooth, nearly flat articular surface
Facet
52
Rounded articular projection
Condyle
53
Arm-like bar of bone
Ramus
54
Furrow
Groove
55
Narrow, slit-like opening
Fissure
56
Round or oval opening through a bone
Foramen
57
Indentation at the end of a structure
Notch
58
Canal-like passageway
Meatus
59
Cavity within a bone, filled with air and lined with mucous membrane
Sinus
60
Shallow, basin-like depression in a bone, often serving as an articular surface
Fossa
61
Extremely strong joints where movements between bones must be prevented
Synarthrosis
62
Some movement permitted, but still a very strong joint
Amphiarthrosis
63
Freely movable
Diarthrosis
64
Edges interlocked and bound together by dense fibrous connective tissue
Fibrous suture
65
Teeth are bound to sockets by fibrous connective tissue
Gomphosis
66
Rigid cartilage bridge between two articulating bones
Cartilaginous synchondrosis
67
Totally rigid immovable fusion of bones, no clear boundary
Bony synostosis
68
Bones connected by a ligament
Fibrous syndesmosis
69
Bones connected by a pad of fibrocartilage
Cartilaginous symphysis
70
Type of joint that Permits wide range of motion, typically associated with ends of long bones
Synovial
71
Starting position. Right angles to surface
Initial position
72
Linear movement. Remains vertical but top moves away from point of origin
Gliding movement
73
Tip remains stationary, but shaft changes angle relative to surface
Angular movement
74
Pencil tip remains stationary while the shaft held at an angle less than 90 degrees moves in a conical pattern to complete a circle
Circumduction
75
Tip at stationary point and angle remains unchanged, shaft spins on a longitudinal axis
Rotation
76
Closing of the jaw
Elevation
77
Opening of the jaw
Depression
78
Moving jaw outwards
Protraction
79
Moving jaw backwards
Retraction
80
Turning toes upwards to the inside
Inversion
81
Turning toes upwards to the outside
Eversion
82
Moving toes upwards
Dorsiflexion
83
Moving toes downwards
Plantar flexion
84
Palm upwards/lying on back
Supination
85
Palm down/lying on stomach
Pronation
86
Joint that allows for motion in all direction (example shoulder joints)
Ball and socket
87
Allows for motion in one plane (example elbow joint)
Hinge
88
Allows for all motion except rotation (example thumb)
Saddle
89
Joint that occurs when flat surfaces glide across one another (example joint that joins the clavicle to the scapula)
Plane (gliding)
90
Allows for rotational motion (example joint which allows us to shake head no)
Pivot
91
Similar to ball and socket, but significant rotation is not allowed (example wrist joint)
Ellipsoid joint
92
Collagen fibers
Fibrous
93
Cartilage
Cartilaginous
94
More complex and have a joint cavity
Synovial
95
Example location of a tuberosity
Ischial tuberosity
96
Example location of a crest
Iliac crest
97
Example location of trochanter
Only on femur
98
Example location of a line
Intertrochanteric line on femur
99
Example location of tubercle
Adductor tubercle on femur
100
Example location of epicondyle
Medial epicondyle on femur
101
Example location of spine
Spinous process of vertebra
102
Example location of a head
Head of a rib
103
Example location of a facet
Ends of head of rib
104
Example location of a condyle
On the jaw hinge
105
Example location of a ramus
Downward part of jaw (your jawline)
106
Example location of a groove
Jawline
107
Example location of a fissure
Inferior orbital fissure, behind your eye
108
Example location of a foremen
Indentations next to nose underneath cheekbones, round or oval opening through a bone
109
Example location of a notch
Where the jaws hinges
110
Example location of a meatus
Ear canal, auditory meatus
111
Example location of a sinus
Sinuses, underneath eyes and bridge of nose
112
Example location of a fossa
Indentations underneath your ears where skull depresses in
