Week 2 - Sectional Anatomy

Question 1

What fibres pass through the corpus collosum?

Answer 1

Commissural fibres

Question 2

What are the 4 parts of the corpus collosum?

Answer 2

Trunk, Genu, Splenium and Rostrum

Question 3

What is the septum pellucidum?

Answer 3

Thin sheet which lies in mid sagittal plan and separates the anterior horns of 2 lateral ventricles

Question 4

Where is he septum pellucidum?

Answer 4

Continuous superiorly with corpus callosum and inferiorly with the fornix
Extends posteriorly as far as interventricular foramen

Question 5

What is the fornix?

Answer 5

Bundle of fibres which links hippocampus with mamillary bodies of the hypothalamus

Question 6

What is the basal ganglia?

Answer 6

Collection of neuronal cell bodies within the cerebral hemisphere

Question 7

What is the name given to collection of neural cell bodies in CNS?

Answer 7

Nucleus
Except the basal ganglia

Question 8

What is the thalamus?

Answer 8

Is a sensory relay area made up of smaller masses of grey matter nuclei
Most general sensory info from body relays to a nucleus called ventro-postero-lateral VPL nucleus of the thalamus

Question 9

What are some of the functions of the hypothalamus?

Answer 9

Controls body temp., fluid and food intake, controls endocrine system and autonomic nervous system, sleep awareness, emotional expression and aggression, sexual arousal

Question 10

What fold of dura mater is overlying the pituitary gland?

Answer 10

Diaphragma sellae

Question 11

Where are the colliculi in relation to the pineal gland?

Answer 11

Below the pineal gland

Question 12

What is 8?

Answer 12

Caudate nucleus

Question 13

What is 2?

Answer 13

Lateral ventricle

Question 14

What is 10?

Answer 14

Internal capsule

Question 15

What is 6?

Answer 15

Thalamus

Question 16

What is 5?

Answer 16

Putamen

Question 17

What structures make up the basal ganglia?

Answer 17

Caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, putamen and substantia nigra

Question 18

What fibres make up the internal capsule?

Answer 18

Projection fibres
Made up of myelinated axons

Question 19

What are the 3 parts of the internal capsule?

Answer 19

Anterior, Genu and Posterior

Question 20

What blood vessel supplies the internal capsule?

Answer 20

Middle cerebral artery

Question 21

What group of structures if the substantia nigra part of?

Answer 21

Basal ganglia

Question 22

Where is the red nucleus is relation to the substantia nigra?

Answer 22

Posterior to

Question 23

What fibres does the cerebral peduncles contain?

Answer 23

Projection fibres

Question 24

Which aspect of the spinal cord receives sensory nerve fibres?

Answer 24

Dorsal horn

Question 25

What aspect of the spinal cord receives motor nerve fibres?

Answer 25

Ventral horn

Question 26

Why does the size of the ventral grey horn vary along the spinal cord?

Answer 26

At cervical and lumbar regions for the brachial and lumbar plexuses

Question 27

What is the name of the hole in the middle of the spinal cord and what does it contain?

Answer 27

Central canal Contains CSF as joins with the ventricular system of the brain

Question 28

What are the major motor and sensory white matter tracts?

Answer 28

Dorsal column Spinothalamic Corticospinal

Question 29

Describe the corticospinal tract

Answer 29

Starts in the motor cortex (precentral gyrus) Corticobulbar fibres go to contralateral cranial n nuclei Decussates at pyramids LMN in ventral horn

Question 30

Describe the spinothalamic tract

Answer 30

Carries pain and temp. sensation 1st order neuron in grey matter of dorsal horn 2nd order neuron crosses at spinal level and becomes the lateral spinothalamic tract 2nd order neuron ends at thalamus 3rd order neuron passes through IC and radiates to post central gyrus

Question 31

Describe the dorsal column

Answer 31

Carries sensory info of joint position, proprioception, vibration and localisation 1st order neuron ends when synapses in medulla with 2nd order neuron Desiccates at medulla - becomes medial lemniscus 3rd order neuron in thalamus - IC - post central gyrus