Week 3

Question 1

What are implicit motives?

Answer 1

Implicit motives are goals that are important to a person that cannot be consciously expressed.

Question 2

Are projective assessments a reliable method to measure implicit motives?

Answer 2

No

Question 3

How do researchers think they can measure implicit motives? Via self-reporting or something else?

Answer 3

Self-reporting is not reliable because individuals are unable to express their implicit motivations. Researchers think projective assessments can measure implicit motives.

Question 4

What is the theory of implicit bias testing?

Answer 4

People who implicitly, or nonconsciously, have a certain bias, will respond differently on a bias test than people who do not hold that bias.

Question 5

Is implicit bias testing reliable?

Answer 5

Implicit bias testing has moderate reliability and validity.

Question 6

What is a projective test?

Answer 6

A test that present a person with an ambiguous stimulus and asks him or her to describe what is seen.

Question 7

Define “ambiguous stimulus”

Answer 7

Stimulus which can be interpreted in more than one way.

Question 8

Define “reliability” in relation to assessments

Answer 8

The consistency of test scores across repeated assessments.

I.E. Examining the extent to how often scores change over time.

Question 9

What is “test-retest” reliability?

Answer 9

The higher the test-retest reliability, the more likely you will score similar results when taking the assessment again.

Question 10

Define “validity” in relation to assessments

Answer 10

The evidence related to the interpretation and use of scores.

Question 11

What is “construct” validity?

Answer 11

The degree to which something measures what it claims to measure.

I.E. If a test claims it is measuring bias, can it really prove to measure bias?

Question 12

What are objective tests?

Answer 12

A personality test that consists of a list of questions to be answered by the subject as true or false or on a numeric scale.

Question 13

What is the principle of aggregation?

Answer 13

Aggregation includes adding more questions to an assessment, that are asking the same question in different ways, or trying to assess a construct in different ways.

Question 14

Why is aggregation important in objective test?

Answer 14

Aggregation helps determine which traits are more likely to match a specific person depending on how they answer similarly phrased questions.

Question 15

What is the most commonly used objective personality test?

Answer 15

The MMPI-2 which consists of 567 questions.

Question 16

True or False:
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) ALLOW psychological or personality tests that provides medical information.

Answer 16

False - they do not.

Question 17

What are “matching algorithms”?

Answer 17

Formulas attempting to match people for compatibility for dating and partnership.

Question 18

True or False:

Matching algorithms cannot predict relationship compatibility.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What are “psychographics”?

Answer 19

The process of collecting behavioral data by observing and measuring groups of people, as a means to segment people and groups by personality.

I.E. Facebook tracking what people like to advertise specific products to them.

Question 20

What is “typology”?

Answer 20

An assessment of personality variables and how they interact, and then combining these variables can accurately describe a “type of person”.

Question 21

What are examples of typology assessments?

Answer 21

Myers Briggs or Enneagram

Question 22

What are examples of objective tests?

Answer 22

Five-Factor Model or HEXACO

Question 23

True or False:

Typology research thus far does predict behavior beyond what can be predicted with quantitative trait scores.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

Define “confirmation bias”

Answer 24

The belief that once you hear information regarding yourself, you then fit that information to your situation and bias.

Question 25

True or False:

Studies have shown there is a correlation between astrological types and cohesive measures of personality.

Answer 25

False.

Question 26

What is the “Barnum Effect”?

Answer 26

The Barnum Effect is when people respond to worded personality descriptions and take them as true or valid, even if they may not be specific to an individual.

Question 27

If a group of 1st grade students takes a test on 3 personality traits, and then they take it again in the 2nd grade and get very different results would this suggest high or low test-retest reliability?

Answer 27

Low test-retest reliability

Question 28

The Implicit Bias test has high validity and reliability, true or false?

Answer 28

False

Question 29

Students can take an astrological horoscope test in class, and the teacher intentionally hands out the same exact results to each student. Many students say “this test describes me perfectly” is like an example of what?

Answer 29

Barnum Effect and Confirmation Bias

Question 30

Joan is really bothered by how many times a test she is taking is asking the same question, just using different words. It seems every 10 questions she is asked the same question and there are hundreds of questions. What is this test relying on?

Answer 30

Aggregation