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Personality - PSY 342 > Week 6 > Flashcards

Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Define “personality traits”

A

An enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and others.

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2
Q

What are “personality disorders”?

A

Personality disorders are ingrained patterns of relating to other people, situations, and events with a rigid and maladaptive pattern.

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3
Q

True or False:

Studies have discovered that in Norway, German, and UK have lower internalizing disorders such as avoidant personality.

A

False. Those countries tend to have higher rates of internalizing disorders.

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4
Q

What are internalizing disorders?

A

Personality disorders where the person’s symptoms primarily show internally.

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5
Q

True or False:

External disorders such as anti-social personality or borderline personality disorders are higher in the US.

A

True.

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6
Q

What is “avoidant personality disorder”?

A

A pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation.

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7
Q

What are symptoms of avoidant personality disorder?

A

A person will tend to:

Avoid social occupations that involve significant interpersonal contact.

Is unwilling to get involved with people unless certain of being liked.

Is preoccupied with being criticized in social situation.

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8
Q

What is the difference between people with social anxiety and people with avoidant personality disorder?

A

People with social anxiety avoid socially threatening situations but view themselves a competent.

People with avoidant personality disorders have low self-esteem and believe they are inferior and deserve rejection.

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9
Q

What is “Hikikomori”?

A

Hikikomori means “pulling inward, being confined” as in socially. It is a Japanese term to refer to the phenomenon of reclusive adolescents or young adults in their 20’s who withdraw from social life and often seek isolation or confinement.

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10
Q

What is “antisocial personality disorder”?

A

A pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others.

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11
Q

What are symptoms of antisocial personality disorders?

A

A person will tend to:

Fail to conform to social norms with respect to lawful behavior.

Deceit and con others for personal profit or pleasure.

Be consistently irresponsible

Lack remorse

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12
Q

Why are males more likely to be diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder than females?

A

Males have a biological tendency toward aggression and male socialization toward externalization.

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13
Q

If a female is diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder, how can it manifest?

A

In females, it will manifest more with mood-related issues such as irritability and depression.

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14
Q

What is “relational aggression”

A

The damaging of another person’s status or reputation.

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15
Q

Define “pseudocare”

A

It is learned as a child that people “pretend to care”. Person’s with ASPD learn as an adult to pretend to care and act charming even though their motives and intentions may be sadistic.

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16
Q

True or False:

Mass killers or school shooters internalize blame.

A

False.

They externalize blame (externalization is a central feature of antisocial personality disorder) because they believe people did them wrong.

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17
Q

What are “victims of injustice” in regards to antisocial personality disorders and mass shootings?

A

Mass murders often see themselves as the victim because people treated them poorly.

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18
Q

What is Nihilism?

A

A philosophy of extreme skepticism maintaining that nothing in the world has a real existence.

Nothing has meaning and nothing is better than anything else.

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19
Q

How can nihilism push a person toward the decision to do a mass shooting?

A

A person with a nihilistic mentality may think “let’s destroy it all because nothing really matters”.

20
Q

True or False:
A neuropsych view of nihilism suggests that if there is no goal, then no positive emotion and no reward chemical such as dopamine. Therefore, if you can’t say this is better than this then you don’t get positive emotions.

A

True.

21
Q

What is a “feedback loop?

A

This is a treatment option for ASPD which is to develop method to allow people to receive feedback to correct their thinking about how they influence others.

22
Q

Why may it be difficult for individuals with ASPD to empathize with how they hurt others?

A

ASPD individuals tend to have chronic accessibility (long-term priming) of their ideas that they are a victim of others.

23
Q

What is one of the top behaviors that will improve happiness?

A

Letting go of resentment

24
Q

What is catharsis?

A

The process of releasing, and thereby providing relief from, strong or repressed emotions.

25
Q

What are the characterizations of Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

A

A grandiose logic of self-importance.

A fixation with fantasies of infinite success, control, brilliance, beauty, or idyllic love.

A credence that they are extraordinary and only be understood by other extraordinary people.

A desire for unwarranted admiration.

A sense of entitlement.

A willingness to humiliate others to look superior.

26
Q

What are the two types of narcissism?

A

Grandiose and vulnerable.

27
Q

What traits are associated with “grandiose” narcissism?

A

Grandiosity, aggression, and other traits that may seem similar to ASPD.

28
Q

What traits are associated with “vulnerable” narcissism?

A

Intense defensiveness, feelings of inadequacy, worrisome, emotional, bitter, and tense.

29
Q

How can you differentiate between narcissism personality disorder and antisocial personality disorder?

A

An entitled and arrogant person is more likely to be narcissistic while an aggressive individual is probably antisocial.

30
Q

True or False:

People who struggle with narcissism spend a lot of energy evaluating their ideal self while devaluing others.

A

True.

31
Q

What are treatment methods for narcissism personality disorder?

A

Learn to not need so much validation from others and learn to self-validate.

32
Q

What is borderline personality disorder?

A

A severe and pervasive emotion dysregulation across all emotions.

33
Q

True or False:

Borderline personality disorder could be renamed as pervasive emotion dysregulation.

A

True.

34
Q

What is a possible origin for borderline personality disorder?

A

Genetic risk factors combined with early family environment that doesn’t teach children how to understand and regulate emotions.

35
Q

Why do BPD individuals cut their body?

A

They have problems with their endogenous opioid system so they cut their body to stimulate lack of natural endorphins.

36
Q

Is there a link between BPD and trauma?

A

Yes, their is a causal link particularly with females. Trauma occurrences include sexual abuse and neglect.

37
Q

What is the “protocol of sexual abuse”?

A

A violation of trust by a caregiver.

38
Q

What is identity confusion in relation to BPD?

A

It’s the perception that external behaviors don’t match with internal feelings. A person with BPD can feel like a “basket of feelings” with the inability to make sense of it all.

39
Q

True or False:

The correspondence of internal feelings and external behavior often helps us understand our identity.

A

True.

40
Q

What is Dialectical Behavior Therapy?

A

A common treatment for people suffering from BPD which is the combination of opposite strategies of radical acceptance and intentional behavioral change.

41
Q

What are the focuses of DBT?

A

Mindfulness
Distress tolerance
Interpersonal effectiveness
Emotion regulation

42
Q

What is histrionic personality disorder?

A

A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking.

43
Q

What is narcissistic personality disorder?

A

A pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, and lack of empathy.

44
Q

What is schizoid personality disorder?

A

A persistent pattern of avoidance from social relationships along with a limited range of emotion among social relationships.

45
Q

What is dependent personality disorder?

A

A pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of by others.

46
Q

What is obsessive-compulsive personality disorder?

A

An individual’s preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and ability to control situations that they lose flexibility, openness, and efficiency in everyday life.

Personality - PSY 342 (10 decks)

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