Week 3

Question 0

What are example of Crystalloids

Answer 0

Normal saline
D5w
Lactated ringers

Question 1

What does Crystalloids contain

Answer 1

Dextrose electrolytes or a combination of these

Question 2

What do colloids contain

Answer 2

Macromolecules and electrolytes

Question 3

What are colloids

Answer 3

They are volume expanders

Question 4

What are examples of non synthetic colloids

Answer 4

Albumin or plasmabumin

Question 5

What are examples of synthetic colloids

Answer 5

Hespan or dextran

Question 6

What is hypertonic solution

Answer 6

Draw water from the cells into the circulation

Question 7

What is hypotonic solution

Answer 7

Allows water to shift from the capillaries to the tissue

Question 8

What are the key points when priming the IV tubing

Answer 8

Keep it sterile 
Fill the drip chamber half full
Don't piece the side of the bag
Prime until all air is out
Date and time the tubing

Question 9

When do you assess for IV patency

Answer 9

Every shift prefer every hour

Question 10

Why would you not force the IV to flush

Answer 10

Because it may have a clot on the end of it that may break off and travel to the heart

Question 11

D/c the IV unless

Answer 11

IV is being changed because of infiltration or other issues

Unless it is routine 72 hours site change

Question 12

Hypotonic solution

Answer 12

Draw water
0.45 saline
Free water

Question 13

Hypertonic solution

Answer 13

Water forced out
D5 LR
D5.45
D5.9NS
D10 W

Question 14

Isotonic solution

Answer 14

Water going in and out
LR ( in surgery )
NS (trauma)
SSW

Question 15

D5w is isotonic when

Answer 15

In a bag then becomes hypotonic ounces dextrose is metabolized in the body cells
Which means that is left is the free water

Question 16

Spending to much time in one position muscle become weekend

Answer 16

Rabdomylosis

Question 17

Hyperkalemia causes and s/s

Answer 17

Renal failure, potassium supplement, severe burns, rhabdomylosis

Irritable n/d , tachycardia, VF and cardiac arrest

Question 18

Hypokalemia causes and S/s

Answer 18

V/d, loop diuretic ( thiazides) ,cushiness disease

Muscle cramps, hypotension, paresthesis, fatigue, lethargy

Question 19

Hypernatremia causes and s/s

Answer 19

Dehydration, prolonged fever, severe diarrhea

Fatigue, weakness, seizure, coma

Question 20

Hyponatremia causes s/s

Answer 20

Excessive vomiting, water intake, long term use of thiazides

Headache, n/v delirium, seizure, coma

Question 21

Hyper magnesium causes s/s

Answer 21

Renal failure , overuse of magnesium based antacids

Areflexia, flaccid muscles, flushing, diaphoresis, vomiting, heart block hypotension

Question 22

Hypo magnesium causes s/s

Answer 22

Malnutrition , alcoholism , severe diarrhea

Vertigo, ataxia, nystagmus, tremors, tetany, seizures

Question 23

Hypercalcemia. Causes s/s

Answer 23

Excessive intake of calcium or vitamin d, thiazides, prolonged bed rest, hyperparathyroid

Nausea, thirst, anorexia, confusion, weakness and flaccid muscles

Question 24

Hypocalcemia causes s/s

Answer 24

Poor intake of calcium or vitamin d, loop diuretics, hypoparathyroid, pancreatitis

Muscle cramps, hyperreflexia with carpal and facial spasm, tetany and seizures

Question 25

Hyperchloremia causes s/s

Answer 25

Hypernatremia, metabolic acidosis

Fatigue, weakness, flushed skin, low grade fever, seizures and coma

Question 26

Hypochloremia causes s/s

Answer 26

Often Hyponatremia, metabolic alkalosis

Headache, fatigue, n/v, anorexia, irritability, seizure, coma