Week 3

Question 1

What is the definition of a cell?

Answer 1

The structural and functional unit of life.

Question 2

What are the three basic parts of a cell?

Answer 2

Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

Question 3

Where are the phospholipids located?

Answer 3

In the cell membrane

Question 4

What does semi-permeable membrane mean?

Answer 4

It means that only selective substances are allowed to enter and exit the membrane.

Question 5

What do phospholipids look like?

Answer 5

they have a head and a tail

Question 6

Which part of the phospholipid is hydrophilic?

Answer 6

the polar head is hydrophilic meaning that it loves water.

Question 7

What does hydrophobic mean?

Answer 7

Hydrophobic means a fear of water, non-polar tails are hydrophobic.

Question 8

What is the cytoplasm?

Answer 8

Everything located between the nucleus and cell membrane/

Question 9

Function of mitochondria

Answer 9

Powerhouse of the cell, site of ATP synthesis

Question 10

Function of ribosomes

Answer 10

Site of protein synthesis

Question 11

Function of endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 11

Folding of protein molecules into sacs and thetransport of synthesised proteins

Question 12

function of golgi apparatus

Answer 12

packaging of protein

Question 13

Function of lysosome

Answer 13

intracellular digestion

Question 14

function of centriole

Answer 14

for cell division

Question 15

funciton of nucleus

Answer 15

Control centre, CEO of cell/

Question 16

What are the three parts of the nucleus?

Answer 16

Nuclear envelope, chromatin, nucleolus

Question 17

What are the two ways to pass a membrane?

Answer 17

Passive process- no energy required. active transport- needs energy

Question 18

What is passive process?

Answer 18

It’s when substances move from high to low concentration. there are two types; diffusion and osmosis.

Question 19

Explain diffusion

Answer 19

Diffusion is when a molecule will actively diffuse through a membrane if it is a lipid, soluble, small enough to pass through or if it’s assisted by carrier molecule.

Question 20

What is the difference between facilitated and simple diffusion?

Answer 20

simple diffusion is when a molecule is able to pass through a membrane on its own, whereas facilitated is when a molecule binds to a chemical that makes it change shape and allow it to pass the membrane.

Question 21

Describe osmosis.

Answer 21

Osmosis is the movement of solvent, such as water, across a selectively permeable membrane.

Question 22

What is osmolarity?

Answer 22

measure of total concentration of solute

Question 23

What is osmotic pressure?

Answer 23

the tendency of water to move into a cell by osmosis.

Question 24

What is active transport?

Answer 24

Active transport requires energy to move from a low to high concentration gradient. It’s involved in the transport of nutrients and ions.

Question 25

What is exocytosis?

Answer 25

transporting out of cell.

Question 26

What is endocytosis?

Answer 26

Transporting INTO cell.

Question 27

What is mitosis?

Answer 27

A type of cell division essential for body growth and tissue repair. Cells die and are always replaced.

Question 28

What are the three subphases of mitosis?

Answer 28

G1- vigorous growth and metabolism S1- synthetic- DNA replication occurs S2- preparation for division

Question 29

What are the mitotic phases?

Answer 29

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telephase and cytokensis.

Question 30

What are the types of primary tissues?

Answer 30

Epithelial, connective, muscle, nerve

Question 31

Describe each type of primary tissue's function.

Answer 31

Epithelial- forms boundaries between different environments, protects, secretes, absorbs and filters connective- supports, protects, binds other tissues muscle- contracts to cause movement nerve- internal communication

Question 32

What are the two types of epithelial tissue?

Answer 32

Glandular and covering and lining.

Question 33

What does simple and stratified mean?

Answer 33

If there is only one cell layer, it's simple. If there are more than two layers then it's stratified.

Question 34

Name for flat cell =

Answer 34

squamous

Question 35

Name for cube cell =

Answer 35

cubodial

Question 36

name for tall cell =

Answer 36

columnar

Question 37

what are the four types of connective tissue?

Answer 37

proper, cartilage, bone, blood