Week 4

Question 1

Realism

Answer 1

associated with different styles and meanings and has been permeated w/ question about authenticity, changes over time

Question 2

What is perspective?

Answer 2

set of techniques for depicting 3d spatial depth within 2d pictorial space, signified realism

Question 3

1 point perspective

Answer 3

all converging to one vantage point

Question 4

2 point perspective

Answer 4

one center point and vanishing outwards

Question 5

3 point perspective

Answer 5

looking up to top of building or down on building, vanishing upwards or downwards

Question 6

Filippo Brunelleschi

Answer 6

1337-1446
In early 1400, demonstrated linear perspective as way of organizing 2d visual space, 1417 he designed the Sante Maria del Fiore Cathedral, in 1420 when being built he developed the theory. Horizon line

Question 7

Perspective and Body

Answer 7

linear perspective great for architecture but not human form

Question 8

Foreshortening

Answer 8

technique used to make body appear to be receding. The Lamentation over the Dead Christ- legs shorter, torso longer

Question 9

What is idealism?

Answer 9

not based on real world, but how cultural worldview says it should be (ex. instagram influencers, ads) Polyclitus, Doryphorous~ Spear Bearer
Albrecht Durer, Adam and Eve~ ideal image from multiple models

Question 10

What is the camera obscura?

Answer 10

based on phenomenon that light rays bouncing off an object or scene when passing through a tiny hole in a dark chamber, inverted projection that can be seen on a surface in a chamber. 1800s are when walk in ones started, Santa Monica. Vermeer used one for his artwork?

Question 11

Characteristics of impressionism ~ 1865-1900, Paris, France

Answer 11

1. Interest in optical experience: time of day, weather, vantage point, and other factors affect how we see the world
2. Plain-Air painting: painting outdoors to subjectively record light and color changes in the world
3. Visible strokes to capture specific lighting conditions
   ex. Monet- set of two paintings at different times of day

Question 12

Characteristics of cubism ~ 1907-1920, Paris, France

Answer 12

depicting objects from several different points of view simultaneously, not interested in linear perspective, perspective lines bent and spatial planes fragmented and dislocated. Human eye always in motion
ex. Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles D’Avignon 1907 ~ african masks
19th century fang mask
ex. Georges Braque Woman with a Guitar 1913, color drained
ex. David Hockney, Pearblossom Hwy 1986

Question 13

“Primitivism” in 20th Century Art: Affinity of the Tribal and the Modern

Answer 13

1984, exhibit at Museum of Modern Art in New York, form of colonialism, approproation

Question 14

Characteristics of metaphysical paintings 1911-1920

Answer 14

depict “metaphysical towns” consisting of vast open squares and public monuments during late afternoons with long shadows created by setting sun
- use linear and isometric perspective
-contrast of light and shadows
- evoke mystery and ambiguity
- extremely influential to realism
Giorgio De Chirico- The Soothdayers Recompense 1913

Question 15

Italian Neorealism 1942-1951

Answer 15

Stories that value lives of ordinary people, poverty, unemployment, child labor, Italian Fascist government
ex. Open City dir. Roberto Rossellini, 1945

Question 16

Characteristics of Abstract Expressionism

Answer 16

not interested in representing something from our world, document of painter’s physical and emotional experience, painting records activity/action being made, “action painting”
ex. Jackson Pollock

Question 17

Conceptual Art

Answer 17

idea/concept is more important than visual product, some artwork is only a picture of words. ex. Lawrence Weiner ~ instructions

Question 18

Video Games

Answer 18

introduced in 1950s, used display screens and radar technology, early games had military themes

Question 19

How do video games engage the player?

Answer 19

emphasis on experience of producer’s body like Jason Pollock’s paintings, players action drive the outcome

Question 20

Sexism in Video Games

Answer 20

game industry’s power is white, secondarily asian men, women are treated as outsiders, given demeaning roles, marginalized in industry and used as booth babes at expos, 2015 hottest and sexiest female character list

Question 21

Isometric Perspective

Answer 21

does not use vanishing points so forms presented as flattened, lines describing each plane are parallel and dont converge, used in early 2000 video games used to show movement through space Sims

Question 22

Virtual image

Answer 22

simulation that represent ideal or constructed conditions, break with the convention of what is seen, film use digital special effects to represent virtual worlds that are simulated on screen.