Week 6

Question 1

What is a zoetrope?

Answer 1

Round drum with sequence of drawing or photos inside, viewer spins drum, images pass through peephole giving illusion of movement

Question 2

Describe a daguerreotype

Answer 2

polished metal plate treated with iodized silver & placed inside camera & exposed for several minutes, plate treated with mercury fumes

Question 3

Daguerreotype Camera

Answer 3

lens manually opened for several minutes, eight hour exposure, no negative

Question 4

Edward Muybridge’s breakthrough w/ photographing a galloping horse

Answer 4

set up twenty four cameras on race track, threads connected to each and horse would break the string (MOTION STUDIES), Changed artistic conventions

Question 5

Describe the zoopaxiscope.

Answer 5

Projects moving image, spinning glass with slightly different drawings on it, drawings inspired by photo sequences

Question 6

Culture shift that occurred in the late 1800s w/ Kodak’s introduction of pre-loaded cameras

Answer 6

ideology of everyday documenting through photos, 1888 cameras came w/ 100 exposures, 1900- $1 brownie camera

Question 7

Handmade copy

Answer 7

Egyptian burial scrolls copied by artisans and rendered in ink on Papyrus, name of dead left open

Question 8

Mold-made Copy

Answer 8

bronze sculpture, casting with clay/wax mold, plaster mold, ex. cupcake molds

Question 9

Negative-made Copy

Answer 9

make unlimited amount of copies from negative, no original

Question 10

According to Walter Benjamin what is the aura of an original work of art?

Answer 10

refers to original work’s presence in time and space, it’s unique existence at place where it happens to be. ex. Mona Lisa at the Louve

Question 11

How does the value of an original change when it has been reproduced?

Answer 11

changes bc its value comes from its status as being original from which copies derive, reproduction spreads knowledge about the original work & help maintain its value (The Mona Lisa on a T-Shirt)

Question 12

How has mechanical reproduction changed the function of art?

Answer 12

changed from ritual to politics, reproduced images can be in many places simultaneously (ex. election posters)

Question 13

What is copyright?

Answer 13

Exclusive legal rights for literacy, artistic, musical material including:
1. rights to distribute
2. produce
3. copy
4. display
5. perform
6. create
7. control derivative works based on original
2017, if created in 1978 on lasts author’s life plus 70 years, 95 years, or 120 years if a corporation is owner

Question 14

What is the Fair Use Doctrine?

Answer 14

Allows copyrighted material w/o permission of copyright holder:

1. educational purposes
2. commentary
3. criticism
4. parody