Week 4 - Ch 10-12

Question 1

The generic name of the drug refers to its __________ name.

Answer 1

nonproprietary

Question 2

The federal agency that approves the use of a specific drug is the __________

Answer 2

FDA

Question 3

When drug receptors are maximally activated it is referred to as the __________

Answer 3

peak effect

Question 4

Drugs are excreted from the body primarily via the __________

Answer 4

kidneys

Question 5

The body’s metabolism of drugs is called __________

Answer 5

biotransformation

Question 6

Drug administration, absorption, distribution, and clearance are collectively called __________

Answer 6

pharmacokinetics

Question 7

The term __________ means that bacteria no longer can multiply

Answer 7

bacteriostatic

Question 8

Drugs that are effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, but not all of them, are __________ activity drugs

Answer 8

medium-spectrum

Question 9

The findings of the antibacterial properties of Penicillium notatum were first published by __________

Answer 9

Fleming

Question 10

An ideal antimicrobial drug will kill harmful microbes without significant damage to the host. The principle is referred to as __________

Answer 10

selective toxicity

Question 11

Another term for the effectiveness of a drug is __________

Answer 11

efficacy

Question 12

When two antibiotics are given together to incease the therapeutic effect, the phenomenon is __________

Answer 12

synergism

Question 13

Resistance to only one type of drug may allow resistance to a similar drug; this process is called __________

Answer 13

cross-resistance

Question 14

The range of pathogen types that a given drug is effective against is referred to as the drug’s __________

Answer 14

spectrum of activity

Question 15

The assessment of a drug to determine its benefit versus the risk is called the __________

Answer 15

therapeutic index

Question 16

Prontosil, a dye, was first used as an __________ by Domagk.

Answer 16

antibiotic

Question 17

A disease that is generally present in a given population is __________

Answer 17

endemic

Question 18

A relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed is called __________

Answer 18

parasitism

Question 19

The degree or extent of disease-evoking power that a microorganism has is referred to as __________

Answer 19

virulence

Question 20

Healthcare-associated infections are also known as __________ infections

Answer 20

nosocomial

Question 21

The number of new cases of a disease counted over a certain period of time compared with the general healthy population is __________

Answer 21

incidence

Question 22

An organism that does not normally cause disease in a healthy individual, but can cause disease when there is an imbalance in the normal flora or when the host becomes immunocompromised is called a (n) __________ pathogen

Answer 22

opportunistic

Question 23

Animals, usually arthropods, that carry pathogens from one host to another are called __________

Answer 23

vetors

Question 24

They study of the cause of disease is called __________

Answer 24

etiology

Question 25

Infections that may result from medical procedures such as the use of catheters, invasive diagnostic procedures, and surgery are referred to as __________ infections.

Answer 25

iatrogenic