Week 4 (Feb. 5) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Week 4 (Feb. 5) Deck (26)
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1
Q

What are the steps of the assessment process?

A

1) scene size-up
2) primary assessment
3) history taking
4) secondary assessment
5) reassessment

2
Q

What is used in situations with multiple patients and what is its function?

A

the incident command system, which is a flexible system implemented to manage a variety of emergency scenes, using a triage and split-group approach

3
Q

What is the AVPU scale of a person’s responsiveness?

A

Awake and alert; responsive to Verbal stimuli; responsive to Pain; Unresponsive

4
Q

What 1 through 4 scale of alertness and orientedness is based off of what?

A

a person’s knowledge of person, place, time, and events

5
Q

What is our goal for a patient’s oxygen saturation?

A

94% - 99%

6
Q

What respiration rates indicate that positive pressure ventilations must be given?

A

less than 8 breaths/min or more than 28

7
Q

What factors do you consider when assessing a patient’s skin?

A

skin color, then skin temp., then skin moisture

8
Q

What is a good measure of a pediatric patient’s perfusion?

A

capillary refill time (CRT), which in a healthy patient is less than 2 seconds; don’t use this if patient is in cold temperatures

9
Q

What is the first step that must be performed in a rapid exam of a patient during primary assessment?

A

DCAP-BTLS: look and feel for Deformities, Contusions, Abrasions, Punctures, Burns, Tenderness, Lacerations, and Swelling

10
Q

How often do you assess the vitals of a stable patient until arrival at the ED? in an unstable patient?

A

every 15 minutes for stable patient, every 5 for unstable

11
Q

You should suspect shock in what kind of patients?

A

patients with tachycardia (fast heart rate), and pale, cool, clammy skin

12
Q

What can be used for gathering additional information about a patient’s history of present illness and current symptoms, mostly information about pain?

A

OPQRST: Onset, Provocation/Palliation, Quality, Region/Radiation, Severity, and Timing

13
Q

What helps you find the most relevant information central to providing treatment to a patient?

A

SAMPLE history: Signs/Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Pertinent past medical history, Last oral intake, and Events leading up to the injury?

14
Q

What are the three different aspects of a physical examination?

A

inspection, palpitation, and auscultation

15
Q

What is “battle sign”?

A

bruising behind a patient’s ears

16
Q

What information must you obtain when assessing breathing?

A

respiratory rate, rhythm (regular or irregular), quality or character of breathing, and depth of breathing

17
Q

What is a high decrease in blood pressure a sign of?

A

late sign of shock which indicates that they are not maintaining proper perfusion

18
Q

What scale is used to assess a patient’s overall neurologic status and what criteria does it judge? Also what is the range of the scale?

A

Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), judges eye opening, best verbal response, and best motor response; ranges from 3-15

19
Q

What is used in assessing the pupils?

A

PEARRRL: Pupils Equal And Round Regular in size React to Light

20
Q

What is capnography?

A

a noninvasive method to quickly and efficiently provide information on a patient’s ventilatory status, circulation, and metabolism

21
Q

What are conjunctiva?

A

the delicate membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the exposed surface of the eye

22
Q

What is an MOI?

A

mechanism of injury; the forces, or energy transmission, applied to the body that cause injury

23
Q

What is an NOI?

A

nature of illness; the general type of illness a patient is experiencing

24
Q

What is stridor?

A

a harsh, high-pitched, breath sound, generally heard during inspiration, that is caused by partial blockage or narrowing of the upper airway

25
Q

What are rhonchi?

A

coarse, low-pitched breath sounds heard in patients with chronic mucus in the upper airways

26
Q

What is subcutaneous emphysema?

A

a characteristic crackling sensation felt on palpation of the skin, caused by the presence of air in soft tissues