Week 5

Question 1

What is the skeletal system made of and what is a general function

Answer 1

Bone (osseous tissue) and cartilage
Aids in support and function
Plays role in ion balance, blood cell formation and triglyceride storage

Question 2

What forms the long axis of the body

Answer 2

Axial skeleton

Question 3

What forms the appendages and attachments

Answer 3

Appendicular skeleton

Question 4

Long bone shape

Answer 4

Longer than wide

Question 5

Shape of short bone

Answer 5

Cube shaped

Question 6

Flat bone shape

Answer 6

Thin plate that is often curved

Question 7

Osteogenic cells

Answer 7

Mitotically active stem cells found in the periosteum and endosteum

Question 8

Osteoblasts

Answer 8

Secrete bone matrix which includes collagen and calcium binding proteins

Question 9

Osteocytes

Answer 9

Monitor and maintain bone matrix and serve as mechanoreceptors

Question 10

Osteoclasts

Answer 10

Multinucleated cells that break down extracellular matrix

Question 11

What do bones contain within them

Answer 11

Nervous tissue, cartilage, blood vessels, and connective tissue

Question 12

Compact bone

Answer 12

Made of circumferential lamellae and is found superficially in the bone, appears smooth

Question 13

Cancellous bone

Answer 13

Made of trabeculae which is lamellae not found in circumferential fashion
Found deep within the bone

Question 14

What are osteons

Answer 14

Concentric rings of lamellar bone

Question 15

Circumferential lamellae

Answer 15

Lamellar bone on superficial surface

Question 16

Interstitial lamellae

Answer 16

Lamellar bone in between osteons

Question 17

Haversian canal

Answer 17

The canal parallel to the osteon

Question 18

Volkmann’s canal

Answer 18

Canal perpendicular to the osteon

Question 19

Trabeculae

Answer 19

Lamellar bone arranged into scaffolding network

Question 20

Canaliculi

Answer 20

Openings between trabeculae

Question 21

Diploe

Answer 21

Inner cancerous bone that is surrounded by compact bone

Question 22

Diaphysis

Answer 22

Tubular region that forms the long axis of bone and has a thick collar of compact bone superficially and cancellous bone deep
Surrounds the medullary cavity

Question 23

Epiphysis

Answer 23

Bone ends with a thin outer shell of compact bone and large inner cancellous bone

Question 24

Periosteum

Answer 24

connective tissue that covers the surface of the bone

Question 25

Endosteum

Answer 25

Connective tissue that covers the inner surface of cancellous bone

Question 26

Pneumatic bone

Answer 26

Bone with air space that fills with external atmospheric air

Question 27

Where does the nutrient artery of a long bone enter and exit

Answer 27

Nutrient foramen

Question 28

Red bone marrow

Answer 28

Found in cavities of cancellous bone that also serves as hematopoietic stem cells

Question 29

Yellow marrow

Answer 29

Found in medullary cavities of long bone that also serves as triglyceride storage