Week 5: Microbiology P.II Flashcards
(30 cards)
first line of defense that we are born with
innate system
immune system that develops throughout life, immunological memory
adaptive system
nonspecific immune system
innate system
antigen-specific system
adaptive system
function of the immune system
- defends host
- recognizes invaders and responds by sending cells to site and producing biochemical substances
HIV/AIDS destroy
CD4 cells
WBC that phagocytize, short-lived, 1st line of defense, hallmark of acute inflammation
PMNs (neutrophils)
leukocyte that is a large phagocyte, slower at responding, long-lived, in chronic inflammation, t-cells
monocytes/macrophages
two types of lymphocytes
b-lymphocytes
t-lymphocytes
b-lymphocyte function
make antibodies
t-lymphocyte function
intensifies response of others, produce cytokines (interleukins)
two types of b-lymphocytes
plasma B-cells, memory B-cells
classes of immunoglobulins
IgM, IgD, IgG, IgA, IgE
antibodies are _____ and have these 3 functions
Y-shaped
- neutralize bacteria/toxins
- coat bacteria
- activate complement system
complement system
- destroy pathogens via membrane attack
- opsonization of pathogens
- recruitment of phagocytes
- immune clearance
timeline of events in inflammation
inflammatory response, acute inflammation, chronic inflammation, exaggerate host inflammatory response
even healthy gingival CT contains at least ___________
some inflammatory cells (neutrophils)
cytokines are ____ that are ____ or ____
proteins, pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory
inflammatory mediators released by leukocytes
IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, PGE-2, MMP enzymes, prostaglandins
when does acute inflammation turn to chronic inflammation?
2 weeks
functions of IL-1
- stimulates osteoclast activity
- induces breakdown of collagen matrix
functions of IL-6
- stimulates osteoclast activity
- inhibit bone formation
functions of IL-8
- stimulates osteoclast activity
- stimulates CT destruction
PGE initiates _____
most of alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis
