Week 5 - Neuroanatomy Flashcards
(30 cards)
What are the major subregions of the forebrain?
Cerebral cortex, limbic system, basal ganglia.
What are the main functions of the cerebral cortex?
Higher-order functions: perception, planning, reasoning, language, voluntary movement.
What are the four lobes of the cerebral cortex?
Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal.
What separates the lobes of the cortex?
Central sulcus, lateral fissure, longitudinal fissure.
What does the prefrontal cortex control?
Planning, personality, impulse control, decision-making, dopamine regulation.
Which lobe is responsible for visual processing?
Occipital lobe.
Which lobe is responsible for auditory processing?
Temporal lobe.
Which lobe integrates sensory systems?
Parietal lobe.
Which lobe is responsible for higher-order thinking and voluntary movement?
Frontal lobe.
Which lobe is responsible for language comprehension?
Temporal lobe.
Which lobe is responsible for language production?
Frontal lobe (Broca’s area).
Where is the primary motor cortex located?
Frontal lobe, anterior to central sulcus.
Where is the primary somatosensory cortex located?
Parietal lobe, posterior to central sulcus.
Where is the primary visual cortex located?
Occipital lobe.
Where is the primary auditory cortex located?
Temporal lobe.
What is the role of association cortices?
Integrate and interpret information from primary cortices.
What is lateralisation?
Specialisation of function in one cerebral hemisphere.
What does the left hemisphere specialise in?
Information analysis, sequential processing, language.
What does the right hemisphere specialise in?
Synthesis, spatial and pattern recognition.
What connects the hemispheres?
Corpus callosum.
What are the key structures of the limbic system?
Hippocampus, amygdala, cingulate gyrus, mammillary bodies, fornix.
What is the function of the hippocampus?
Learning and memory (especially explicit memories).
What is the function of the amygdala?
Emotional processing, especially fear, stress, aggression.
How do the hippocampus and amygdala interact?
Emotionally charged memories (e.g., PTSD).
