week 6 Flashcards
Eating disorders DSM-5
- pica
- rumination disorder
- avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
- anorexia nervosa
- bulimia nervosa
- binge eating disorder
Pica
eating substances not intended for consumption for at least a month. Considered developmentally inappropriate. Not part of culturally accepted practice.
rumination disorder
repeated regurgitation expulsion food. not part of another eating disorder. Can occur in the context of another eating disorder
avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
avoidance or reduction on food intake. Not the result of lack of food or cultural context. Not the result of another eating disorder. Not the result of a somatic disorder
anorexia nervosa
these people starve themselves, subsisting on little or no food for very long periods of time, yet they remain convinced that they need to lose more weight. this disorder has a death rate of 5 - 9 percent. Serious consequences are reduced bone strength, kidney damage, high suicide rate, cardiovasculair complications.
amenorrhea
extreme weight loss often causes women and girls who have begun menstruating to stop having menstrual periods.
restricting type of anorexia
they simply refuse to eat and/or engage in excessive exercise as a way of preventing weight gain.
binge/purge type of anorexia nervosa
people periodically engage in binge eating or purging behaviours. These people are substantially below a healthy body weight.
medical problems anorexia nervosa
- amenhorrhea
- low body temperature
- low blood pressure
- swelling
- low bone density
- low heartrate
- dry skin, brittle nails
- lanugo
prevalance anorexia nervosa
mean age = 23,4
6 per 100000 people, new cases each year
GP diagnose only 40% of AN people
bulimia nervosa
is uncontrolled eating, or binging, followed by behaviours intended to prevent weight gain from the binges. These people use self-induced vomiting; the abuse of laxatives, diuretics, or other purging medications. Much more common in females than males, and men are more likely to exercise excessively to control their weight and develop a lean.
medical problems bulimia nervosa
- disrupted electrolyte levels
- dental erosion
- disrupted hydration
- kidney failure
- heart arrythmia
- intestinal damage
- russel’s sign (damage from vomiting at the knuckles)
- weight is usually normal
prevalance bulimia nervosa
mean age = 24,8 years
3,2 per 100000 people new cases each year
GP diagnose bulimia nervosa in 11% of BN patients
binge-eating disorder
resembles bulimia nervosa, except that a person does not regularly engage in purging, fasting or excessive exercise to compensate for the binges. Eat large amounts of food often in response to stress and to feelings of anxiety or depression. Have higher rates of depression and anxiety. More common in women than in men.
medical problems binge-eating disorder
- obesity
- high blood pressure
- high cholesterol
- heart disease
- type || diabetes mellitus
- gastrointestinal problems
partial syndrome eating disorders
are syndroms that don’t meet the full criteria for anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa. They may be underweight, but not severely
other specified feeding or eating disorder
is a new diagnostic category to capture presentations of an eating disorder that cause clinically significant distress or impairment but do not meet the full diagnostic criteria for any of the eating disordes
atypical anorexia nervosa
wherein all the criteria for anorexia nervosa are met, except that despite significant weight loss, the individual’s weight is within or above normal range.
night eating disorder
characterized by eating excessive amounts of food at night and believing that one has to eat in order to fall asleep. Often these people are overweight and suffer from depression
anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder biological factors
genes appear to carry a general risk for eating disorders rather than a specific risk for one type of eating disorder. Changes in hormones at puberty may activate a genetic risk for eating disorder.
thin ideal and body dissatisfaction
the ideal shape for women in many developed nations has become thinner and thinner since the mid-twentieth century. women who internalize the thin ideal promoted in the media are at risk for eating disorders. thinness is more valued and more strongly encourageed in females than in males. however, the power of the thin ideal among girls and woman had decreased over time.
athletes and eating disorders
athletes may have standards for appearance that put them at greater risk of developing an eating disorder.
cognitive factors eating disorder
when the body dissatisfaction that comes from social pressures to achieve a certain shape or weight is combined with low self-esteem and perfectionism, the result is a toxic mis of cognitive factors that strongly predict the development of an eating disorder.
emotion regulation difficulties (eating disorder)
eating-disorder behaviours may sometimes serve as maladaptive strategies for dealing with painful emotions.
