Week 6

Question 1

What are two questions that can be asked for the pulmonary review of systems?

Answer 1

Ask about coughing or shortness of breath

Question 2

What type of normal breath sounds have a very loud intensity, very high pitch, and have an I:E ratio as pictured?

Answer 2

tracheal

Question 3

What type of normal breath sounds have a loud intensity, high pitch, and have an I:E ratio as pictured?

Answer 3

bronchial

Question 4

What type of normal breath sounds have a moderate intensity, moderate pitch, and have an I:E ratio as pictured?

Answer 4

bronchovesicular

Question 5

What type of normal breath sounds have a soft intensity, low pitch, and have an I:E ratio as pictured?

Answer 5

vesicular

Question 6

How is the sound of crackles best described?

Answer 6

discontinuous popping velcro

Question 7

What conditions are commonly associated with crackles?

Answer 7

pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary edema, pneumonia

Question 8

How is the sound of wheezing best described?

Answer 8

musical breath sounds through a tube (high or low pitched)

Question 9

What conditions are commonly associated with wheezing?

Answer 9

asthma

Question 10

How is the sound of ronchi best described?

Answer 10

a low-pitched, gurgling wheeze

Question 11

What conditions are commonly associated with rhonchi?

Answer 11

COPD

Question 12

Where are pleural rubs best auscultated?

Answer 12

At the axilla and base of the lungs

Question 13

Stridor is heard with the narrowing of what airways types?

Answer 13

trachea

Question 14

Wheezing is heard with the narrowing of what airway type?

Answer 14

bronchial airways

Question 15

How is the sound of stridor best described?

Answer 15

A loud, mostly inspiratory, high-pitched wheeze (tusken raider)

Question 16

What conditions are commonly associated with stridor?

Answer 16

croup or tracheitis

Question 17

How is the sound of a pleural rub best described?

Answer 17

creaking or grating

Question 18

What conditions are commonly associated with a pleural rub?

Answer 18

pleuritis, or pneumonia with effusion

Question 19

What conditions can lead to dullness to percussion of the chest?

Answer 19

pneumonia, pleural effusions, or tumors

Question 20

What conditions can lead to hyperresonance to percussion of the chest?

Answer 20

pneumothorax or emphysema

Question 21

What is the name of the pictured chest abnormality and what is it caused by?

Answer 21

Barrel chest; related to increased anterior/posterior diameter (COPD)

Question 22

What is the name of the pictured chest abnormality and what is it caused by?

Answer 22

Kyphosis; anterior/posterior curvature

Question 23

What is the name of the pictured chest abnormality and what is it caused by?

Answer 23

pectus excavatum; posterior displaced sternum

Question 24

What is the name of the pictured chest abnormality and what is it caused by?

Answer 24

pectus carinatum; anterior displaced sternum

Question 25

Define hemoptysis

Answer 25

coughing or spitting up blood

Question 26

Define dyspnea

Answer 26

difficult or labored breathing

Question 27

Define retractions

Answer 27

drawing in of intercostal muscles during inhalation

Question 28

Indicate on yourself where the four normal breath sounds may be auscultated

Answer 28