Week 6

Question 1

What are three things that make a relationship?

Answer 1

-uniqueness
-trajectory
-integration

Question 2

Contextualise uniqueness in the question “what makes a relationship?”

Answer 2

A relationship is more than the sum of its parts

Question 3

Contextualise trajectory in the question “what makes a relationship?”

Answer 3

Relationships change over time

Question 4

Contextualise integration in the question “what makes a relationship?”

Answer 4

Partners merge into a single psychosocial entity

Question 5

What is self determination theory?

Answer 5

The idea that humans have three basic human needs

Question 6

What are the three basic needs that humans have?

Answer 6

-autonomy
-relatedness
-competence

Question 7

What is autonomy?

Answer 7

The experience of willingness, and authenticity in one’s actions, thoughts, and feelings

Question 8

What is relatedness?

Answer 8

The experience of bonding and care and is satisfied when one feels connected to significant others

Question 9

What is competence?

Answer 9

The experience of effectiveness and mastery

Question 10

Why do humans value long-term relationships?

Answer 10

Because they contribute to successful reproduction

Question 11

Humans value long-term relationships because they contribute to successful reproduction in relation to what? (6 things)

Answer 11

-parental investment
-resource sharing
-protection
-social support
-quality of the parent
-paternity certainty

Question 12

Who said this?

Answer 12

Buss and Schmidt 1998 and Salmon 2017

Question 13

What are the three stages of relationships?

Answer 13

Formation, maintenance, and dissolution

Question 14

What do short-term versus long-term relationships depend on?

Answer 14

-person
-environment
-potential partner

Question 15

What is sociosexual orientation?

Answer 15

Interest in and desire for short-term versus long-term relationships

Question 16

If you are sociosexually restricted, what relationship will you have?

Answer 16

Long-term

Question 17

What types of relationships are sociosexually unrestricted?

Answer 17

Short-term relationships

Question 18

What impacts sociosexual orientation?

Answer 18

Attitudes, behaviour, and desire

Question 19

What does parental investment refer to?

Answer 19

Any expenditure (time, energy, resources) by a parent that benefits their offspring’s chances of survival and reproductive success

Question 20

Who came up with parental investment theory and when?

Answer 20

Trivers, 1972

Question 21

Which sex is known as the high investing sex?

Answer 21

Females in many species

Question 22

What are the characteristics of high-investing sex?

Answer 22

-invests more time, energy and resources into offspring
-is more selective when choosing mates to ensure reproductive success
-engages in intersexual competition, meaning individuals of the high-investing sex choose mates based on desirable traits

Question 23

What sex is the low-investing sex?

Answer 23

Typically males in many species

Question 24

What are the characteristics of the low-investing sex?

Answer 24

-invests less in offspring
-is more likely to compete for access to mates
-engages in intrasexual competition, meaning individuals of the low-investing sex compete with each other to attract mates

Question 25

What does individual differences in attachment lead to/shape/impact?

Answer 25

Interactions (mainly) with primary caregivers and other attachment figures

Question 26

What do interactions with primary caregivers and other attachment figures lead to/impact/shape?

Answer 26

Internalised into working models of self and others

Question 27

What did Hazen and Shaver (1987) say?

Answer 27

Romantic love is a property of the attachment behavioural system

Question 28

If you have low anxiety, are secure, and have low avoidance, what does that mean?

Answer 28

You are trusting and comfortable with intimacy

Question 29

If you have low anxiety, dismissing-avoidant and have high avoidance, what does this mean?

Answer 29

You avoid closeness, maintain independence

Question 30

If you have low avoidance, are preoccupied and have high anxiety, what does this mean?

Answer 30

You seek constant reassurance and validation, and may have a fear of abandonment

Question 31

If you have high anxiety, are fearful avoidant, and have high avoidance, what does this mean?

Answer 31

You desire closeness, but have a fear of getting hurt, and maybe fear of dependence

Question 32

What are anxiously attached individuals hypersensitive to?

Answer 32

Rejection

Question 33

Why might anxiously attached individuals have characteristics problematic for relationships?

Answer 33

Because they have a desire for proximity but a fear of rejection

Question 34

What is avoidant attachment associated with?

Answer 34

Short term mating strategies that emphasise procreation over parenting

Question 35

What else is avoidant attachment associated with according to Chen 2017?

Answer 35

Unrestricted sociosexuality

Question 36

What are avoidant individuals more of compared to others according to Sprecher 2013?

Answer 36

Sexually permissive

Question 37

What are avoidant individuals more of compared to others according to Sprecher 2013?

Answer 37

Sexually permissive