week 6 Flashcards
(44 cards)
what makes spoken language learning easier than written language?
It develops early, is automatic, social, and rarely difficult for children.
What makes written language learning harder?
It develops later, requires explicit instruction, visual/motor skills, and is less social.
Key cognitive processes in reading?
Letter recognition,
phonology,
semantics,
word recognition,
visual perception, grammar,
attention, comprehension.
What is the progression in learning to read?
Babies: Process phonology (learn sounds of their language)
Toddlers: Manipulate phonemes
Early primary: Orthography–phonology link - learn to combine letters and read words
Primary school: Comprehension skills
→ From “learning to read” to “reading to learn”
zie study 2011 less 8 mths
child hears sounds in all languages
zie study 2011 l 8-10 mths
sensitive to stat pattens of language
zie study 2011 -10 mths
child only hears sounds in their native language
social processes in learning language
social interaction is essential for learning language
how children learns to read
What is the role of the “Veilig leren lezen” method?
Supports decoding by linking orthography (letters) to phonology (sounds).
Why is English difficult for beginners?
It has low orthographic transparency—many words look the same but sound different.
Q7: What is the Word Superiority Effect?
We recognize letters more accurately when they are part of real words.
What is the Visual Word Form Area (VWFA)?
A brain region in the left fusiform gyrus, sensitive to words and trained through reading.
Q9: What happens to the VWFA during development?
A: Becomes increasingly word-specific by age 8 due to “neuronal recycling.”
Q10: What is rotational invariance, and how does it relate to reading?
A: VWFA initially treats mirrored letters as identical—children must unlearn this.
parallel processing
recognizing lettters within a word happens in parallel
does word length effect exisit in good readers
NO only in beginning readers
metalinguistic awarness
knowledge of the language
is readoing top down or bottum up
top down infleunce
neuronal recylcing hypothesis
uses a brain system (visual system) and train it to do something else (read letters)
reading performance is positively correlated with what brain region
VWFA activation during reading
Reading performance is
negatively correlated with __
activation in respons to other
stimuli
VWFA
when children begin to write they make letter orientation errors - why?
rotational invariance in VWFA
repetition priming
results in response facilitation (faster responses) if the same image is shown
