Week 6

Question 1

What is the mechanical axis of the femur and Tibia?

Answer 1

The orientation of the mechanical axis of the femur and tibia reflex the alignment of these bones during stances

Question 2

What is the hip-knee angle?

Answer 2

Angle average 1-2 degree Varus

Question 3

What is the Anatomical Axis?

Answer 3

5 degree valgus

Question 4

Knee joint capsule?

Answer 4

fibrous and synovial and is continuous with the patella ligament and patella.

Question 5

What are the two joints of the knee region?

Answer 5

1. Tibiofemoral joint

2. Patelofemoral joint

Question 6

What articulation forms the tibiofemoral joint?

Answer 6

Femoral condyles and tibial plateau

Question 7

what are the 5 ligaments of the tibiofemoral joint?

Answer 7

1. tibial collateral ligament
2. fibular collteral ligament
3. anterolateral ligament
4. anterior cruciate ligament
5. posterior cruciate ligament

Question 8

Stability in the anatomical position?

Answer 8

the hip capsular ligaments are tight in extension due to:

1) screw-home mechanism
2) extensors moment

Question 9

What is the function of the tibiofemoral menisci?

Answer 9

the tibiofemoral menisci increase the congruency/ contact area between femoral condyles and the tibial plateau and thus decrease the stress and protects the articular cartilage

Question 10

Which menisci is less mobile?

Answer 10

the medial meniscus is less mobile and therefore cannot move along with the joint

Question 11

What movement does the tibial collateral ligament of the knee resist?

Answer 11

Valgus (lateral)

Question 12

What movements does the fibular collateral ligament of the knee resist?

Answer 12

Varus (medial)

Question 13

what movements does the anterior cruciate ligament resist?

Answer 13

• anterior translation of the tibia on femur
• resists valgus
• tightens in end range extension

Question 14

What is the structural classification of the patellofemoral joint?

Answer 14

Synovial gliding

Question 15

What is the primary movement/s and nerve innervation of sartorial, rectus femorias, and vests muscles?

Answer 15

Knee extension and Femoral Nerve

Question 16

what is the primary movements and nerve innervation of, gracilis, biceps fem long and short head, semitendinosus and semimembranisus?

Answer 16

Hip extension and tibial nerve

Question 17

what is the function of the limbic system?

Answer 17

learning and momory and control of emotions and instinctive behaviour

Question 18

what are the 3 major limbic conical areas?

Answer 18

1. fornicate gyrus
2. hippocampal formation
3. orbitofrontal cortex

Question 19

What are the 3 major limbic nuclei?

Answer 19

1. amygdala
2. hypothalamus
3. anterior nuclei of the thalamus

Question 20

what are the 3 major fibre tracts?

Answer 20

1. fornix
2. cingulum
3. unite fascicle

Question 21

what are the 3 components of short term memory?

Answer 21

1. verbal information
2. visual information
3. spatial information

Question 22

what transfers short-term memory into long-term memory?

Answer 22

Hippocampal formation