Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharmacology > Week 6- Bugs and Drugs (Abx) > Flashcards

Week 6- Bugs and Drugs (Abx) Flashcards

1
Q

What organisms does penicillin cover

A

Enterococcus
Strep pneumoniae
Strep A pyrogens
Top LEFT (Purple, gram positive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What organisms does Dicloxacillin cover

A

Strep pneumoniae
Group A strep
MSSA (Methicillin susceptible staph aureus)
GRAM POSITIVE COCCI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What organisms does Amoxixillin cover

A

Enterococcus
Strep pneumoniae
Strep A pyrogens
Top LEFT (Purple, gram positive)
Original penicillins, but with slight gram negative coverage
Aminopenicillins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What organisms does Amoxicillin/clauvulanate (Augmentin) cover

A

Gram Positive:
Enterococcus faecalis
Strep Pneumoniae
Group A strep
MSSA

Gram Negative:
PEK
Influenzae
Bacteroides fragilis

NOT: MRSA or Pseudomonas aerguinosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What drugs does Piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn) cover

A

Gram Positive:
Enterococcus faecalis
Strep Pneumoniae
Group A strep
MSSA

Gram Negative:
PEK
Influenzae
Bacteroides fragilis
Pseudomonas aerginosa

NOT: MRSA
Mostly reserved for very serious infections (Diabetic foot infection with pseudomonas risk)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

All penicillins and derivitives cover Enterococcus except which one

A

Dicloxaxillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which Penacillin derivatives cover Bacteroides fragilis

A

Amoxicillin/clauvanate (Augmentin)
and Piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does cephalexin (Keflex) cover

A

First Generation

Gram Positive:
Strep Pneumoniae
Strep A
MSSA

Gram Negative:
PEK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does Cefuroxime (Ceftin), Cefoxitin, and Cefdinir (Omnicef) cover

A

Gram Positive:
Strep Pneumoniae
Group A strep
MSSA

Gram Negative:
PEK
Influenzae
Bacteroides fragilis (Cefoxitin is only cephalosporin with anaerobic coverage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the only cephalosporin with anaerobic coverage

A

Cefoxitin (Covers bacteroides fraglilis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does Cefepime cover

A

4th generation

Gram Positive:
Strep Pneumoniae
Group A strep
MSSA

Gram Negative:
PEK
Influenzae
ALSO COVERS PSEUDOMONAS

Does NOT cover Bacteroides fragilis and MRSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What cephalosporin does Ceftaroline cover

A

Gram Positive:
Strep Pneumoniae
Group A strep
MSSA
MRSA

Gram Negative:
PEK
Influenzae

Does NOT cover Bacteroides fragilis and Pseudomonas

COVERS MRSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What organisms does aztreonam cover

A

Gram Negative:
PEK
Pseudomonas aerguinosa
Haemophilus influenzae

Worth if someone has a very bad beta lactam allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What organisms does Ertapenem cover

A

Gram Positive:
Strep Pneumoniae
Group A strep
MSSA

Gram Negative:
PEK
Haemophilus influenzae
Bacteriodes fragilis

NOT MRSA or Pseudomonas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does Meropenem imipenem-cilastatin cover

A

Gram Positive:
Enterococcus
Strep Pneumoniae
Group A strep
MSSA

Gram Negative:
PEK
Pseudomonas
Haemophilus influenzae
Bacteriodes fragilis

NOT MRSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

First line of treatment for MRSA

A

Vancomycin - IV only for MRSA

Doxy also covers MRSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Key adverse effects of vancomycin

A

Red man syndrome (Flushing if given too fast. Give dipenhydrameine if problematic)
Ototoxicity
Nephrotoxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which drug is associated with red man syndrome

A

Vancomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

MOA for vancomycin

A

Inhibit cell wall polymerization

20
Q

Which organisms does vancomycin cover

A

GRAM POSITIVE COVERAGE

Strep A
Strep Pneumoniae
Enterococcus faecalis

MRSA
MSSA

21
Q

Which organisms do aminoglycosides cover

A

GRAM NEGATIVE

PEK
Pseudomonas aerginosa
Haemophilus influenzae

NOT Bacteroides fragilis

22
Q

What are the side effects of aminoglycosides

A

Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity

23
Q

What are the aminoglycosides

A

tobramycin, amikacin, gentamycin

24
Q

Which organisms do Macrolides cover

A

Azithro, clarithro, erythro

Gram Positive:
Strep Pneumoniae
Grop A strep pyrogens

Gram Negative:
Cover Haemophilus influenzae

25
What organisms does doxycycline cover
Gram Positive: MSSA MRSA Gram Negative: Haemophilus influenzae
26
Adverse effects of tetracyclines
Pill Esophagitis Photosensitivity Pregnancy (impairs bone development and yellows teeth)
27
Drugs that cover MRSA
IV vancomycin IV or PO Clindamycin IV or PO Doxyxycline PO Bactrim (TMP-SMX)
28
Organisms that clindamycin covers
Gram Positive: Strep Pneumoniae Strep A pyrogens MSSA MRSA Gram Negative: Haemophilus influenzae Bacteroides fragilis
29
BBW for Lincosamides
C. Diff Colitis- antibiotic most associated with this causes GI upset
30
Organisms that ciprofloxacin covers
Gram Negative: PEK Pseudomonas aerguinosa Haemophilus influenzae
31
Organisms that levofloxacin (Levaquin) covers
Gram Positive: Enterococcus Strep Pneumoniae MSSA NOT MRSA or Group A Strep** Gram Negative: PEK Pseudomonas (levofloxacin only) Haemophilus influenzae Bacteroides fragilis( moxifloxacin only)
32
Organisms that metronidazole (Flagyl) covers
Bacteroides fragilis
33
Adverse effects for Metronidazole (Flagyl)
AVOID ALCOHOL Metalic Taste
34
BBW for flouroquinolones
CNS toxixity Joint/Tendon injury
35
What organisms does TMP/SMX cover
BACTRIM Gram Positive: Group A strep MSSA MRSA Gram Negative: PEK Haemophilus influenzae
36
Cautions and contraindications for sulfonamide abx
Photosensitivity Rash Kidney injury G6PD injury Caution in late term pregnancy
37
What coverage is Nitrofurantoin (macrobid)
Gram Positive: Enterococcus faecalis Gram Negative: PEK Only used for bladder infections (cystitis) NOT effective for pyelonephritis
38
Adverse effects of nitrofurantoin (Macrobid)
N/V Brown urine G6PD deficiency Won't work in renal impairment Late term pregnancy
39
Which abx to avoid in late term pregnancy
Bactrim Macrobid
40
What drugs cover B. Fragilis
Metronidazole (Flagyl- IV or PO) Amoxicillin-Clauvlanate (Augmentin- PO) Ampicillin-sulbactam (Unasyn- IV) Piperacillin-Tazobactam (Zosyn- IV) Cefoxitin (IV, 2nd gen) Clindamycin (IV, PO)
41
Which drugs cover E. Coli
Cephalosporins (ALL) Beta-lactam and inhibitor combinations Flouroquinolones (IV, PO) TMP-SMX (PO) Aminoglycosides Nitrofurantoin (PO only for UTIs)
42
Which drugs cover pseudomonas
Cefepime (4th generation cephalosporin, IV) Piperacillin-Tazobactam (IV) (ZOSYN) Flouroquinolones (IV, PO) (ONLY that is PO) Aminoglycosides (IV)
43
Bactroban vs bacitracin
Bactroban- Mupirocin, Works against staph, MRSA, Strep. Strep Impetigo. Bactracin- Covers Staph and Strep, NOT MRSA. Combine with neomycin or polymyxin
44
Which antibiotics are primary choice for cellulitis and what organism causes this
Caused by Group A strep Beta lactam alternates: Doxycycline TMP-SMX Clindamycin Beta Lactams (PO) Amoxacillin-Clauvunate Cephalexin IV Beta Lactams: Ampicillin/ sulbactam Cefalozolin
45
Cellulitis with MRSA treatment
PO: Doxycycline, TMP-SMX, Clindamycin IV: Vancomycin, Clindamycin
46

Pharmacology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions